Detectability of the gravitational redshift effect from the asymmetric galaxy clustering

Abstract

It has been recently recognized that the observational relativistic effects, mainly arising from the light propagation in an inhomogeneous universe, induce the dipole asymmetry in the cross-correlation function of galaxies. In particular, the dipole asymmetry at small scales is shown to be dominated by the gravitational redshift effects. In this paper, we exploit a simple analytical description for the dipole asymmetry in the cross-correlation function valid at quasi-linear regime. In contrast to the previous model, a new prescription involves only one dimensional integrals, providing a faster way to reproduce the results obtained by Saga et al. (2020). Using the analytical model, we discuss the detectability of the dipole signal induced by the gravitational redshift effect from upcoming galaxy surveys. The gravitational redshift effect at small scales enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the dipole, and in most of the cases considered, the S/N is found to reach a maximum at $z\approx 0.5$. We show that current and future surveys such as DESI and SKA provide an idealistic data set, giving a large S/N of $10\sim 20$. Two potential systematics arising from off-centered galaxies are also discussed (transverse Doppler effect and diminution of the gravitational redshift effect), and their impacts are found to be mitigated by a partial cancellation between two competitive effects. Thus, the detection of the dipole signal at small scales is directly linked to the gravitational redshift effect, and should provide an alternative route to test gravity.

arXiv comment24 pages, 15 figures

References in corpus (63)

• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• The Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos
• The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: cosmological analysis of the DR12 galaxy sample
• Large scale bias and the peak background split
• Profiles of dark haloes: evolution, scatter, and environment
• Halo Models of Large Scale Structure
• Toward a halo mass function for precision cosmology: the limits of universality
• The Large Scale Bias of Dark Matter Halos: Numerical Calibration and Model Tests
• Extragalactic Science, Cosmology and Galactic Archaeology with the Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS)
• The age dependence of halo clustering
• A test of the nature of cosmic acceleration using galaxy redshift distortions
• The linear power spectrum of observed source number counts
• What galaxy surveys really measure
• The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: measurements of the growth of structure and expansion rate at z=0.57 from anisotropic clustering
• The Physics of Galaxy Clustering I: A Model for Subhalo Populations
• New Perspective on Galaxy Clustering as a Cosmological Probe: General Relativistic Effects
• Properties of spherical galaxies and clusters with an NFW density profile
• Cosmology with Phase 1 of the Square Kilometre Array; Red Book 2018: Technical specifications and performance forecasts
• Testing cosmological structure formation using redshift-space distortions
• General Relativistic Description of the Observed Galaxy Power Spectrum: Do We Understand What We Measure?
• Peculiar velocities of galaxies and clusters
• Correlation Function in Deep Redshift Space as a Cosmological Probe
• A Spherical Harmonic Approach to Redshift Distortion and a Measurement of Omega from the 1.2 Jy IRAS Redshift Survey
• Gaussian covariance matrices for anisotropic galaxy clustering measurements
• Testing General Relativity on Horizon Scales and the Primordial non-Gaussianity
• Going beyond the Kaiser redshift-space distortion formula: a full general relativistic account of the effects and their detectability in galaxy clustering
• Gravitational redshift of galaxies in clusters as predicted by general relativity
• Redshift Space Distortions of the Correlation Function in Wide Angle Galaxy Surveys
• Asymmetric galaxy correlation functions
• Redshift Distortions as a Probe of Gravity
• The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: cosmological constraints from the full shape of the clustering wedges
• Gravitational redshift and other redshift-space distortions of the imaginary part of the power spectrum
• The Correlation Function in Redshift Space: General Formula with Wide-angle Effects and Cosmological Distortions
• Wide Angle Redshift Distortions Revisited
• Non-Perturbative Effects of Geometry in Wide-Angle Redshift Distortions
• Cosmological performance of SKA HI galaxy surveys
• Covariance of cross-correlations: towards efficient measures for large-scale structure
• The full-sky relativistic correlation function and power spectrum of galaxy number counts: I. Theoretical aspects
• Where are the Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs)? Using correlation measurements and lensing to relate LRGs to dark matter halos
• The Luminosity Distance in Perturbed FLRW Spacetimes
• Testing the equivalence principle on cosmological scales
• Relativistic Effect in Galaxy Clustering
• Imprints of relativistic effects on the asymmetry of the halo cross-correlation function: from linear to non-linear scales
• Optimising the measurement of relativistic distortions in large-scale structure
• Modeling relativistic contributions to the halo power spectrum dipole
• Power spectrum and correlation function errors: Poisson vs. Gaussian shot noise
• LIGER: mock relativistic light-cones from Newtonian simulations
• Measuring Gravitational Redshifts in Galaxy Clusters
• Gravitational redshifts from large-scale structure
• Measuring cosmic velocities with 21cm intensity mapping and galaxy redshift survey cross-correlation dipoles
• Gravity theories, Transverse Doppler and Gravitational Redshifts in Galaxy Clusters
• Relativistic distortions in the large-scale clustering of SDSS-III BOSS CMASS galaxies
• The relativistic dipole and gravitational redshift on LSS
• Gravitational Redshift of Galaxies in Clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey
• Comparing gravitational redshifts of SDSS galaxy clusters with the magnification redshift enhancement of background BOSS galaxies
• Gravitational redshift and asymmetric redshift-space distortions for stacked clusters
• Wide-angle redshift-space distortions at quasi-linear scales: cross-correlation functions from Zel'dovich approximation
• A null test of the equivalence principle using relativistic effects in galaxy surveys
• Modelling the asymmetry of the halo cross-correlation function with relativistic effects at quasi-linear scales
• N-body simulations of gravitational redshifts and other relativistic distortions of galaxy clustering
• Observing relativistic features in large-scale structure surveys -- II: Doppler magnification in an ensemble of relativistic simulations
• Observing relativistic features in large-scale structure surveys -- I: Multipoles of the power spectrum
• Gravitational redshifting of galaxies in the SPIDERS cluster catalogue

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Rescuing constraints on modified gravity using gravitational redshift in large-scale structure
• Combining gravitational lensing and gravitational redshift to measure the anisotropic stress with future galaxy surveys
• Measuring the distortion of time with relativistic effects in large-scale structure
• Relativistic distortions in galaxy density-ellipticity correlations: gravitational redshift and peculiar velocity effects
• Cosmological test of local position invariance from the asymmetric galaxy clustering
• Magrathea-Pathfinder: A 3D adaptive-mesh code for geodesic ray tracing in $N$-body simulations