Searching for TeV Candidates in 4LAC High-synchrotron-peaked Frequency BL Lac Objects

Abstract

The next generation of TeV detectors is expected to have a significantly enhanced performance. It is therefore constructive to search for new TeV candidates for observation. This paper focuses on TeV candidates among the high-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacertae objects (HBLs) reported in the fourth catalog of active galactic nuclei detected by the Fermi's Large Area Telescope, i.e., 4LAC. By cross-matching the Fermi data with radio and optical observations, we collected the multiwavelength features of 180 HBLs with known redshift. The data set contains 39 confirmed TeV sources and 141 objects whose TeV detection has not yet been reported (either not yet observed, or observed but not detected). Using two kinds of supervised machine-learning (SML) methods, we searched for new possible TeV candidates (PTCs) among the nondetected objects by assessing the similarity of their multi-wavelength properties to existing TeV-detected objects. The classification results of the two SML classifiers were combined and the 24 highest-confidence PTCs were proposed as the best candidates. We calculate, here, the 12 year averaged Fermi spectra of these PTCs and estimate their detectability by extrapolating the Fermi spectrum and including the extragalactic background light attenuation. Four candidates are suggested to have a high likelihood of being detected by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory and 24 are candidates for the Cerenkov Telescope Array observations.

arXiv commentpublication in ApJ. 14 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables

References in corpus (43)

• Unified Schemes for Radio-Loud Active Galactic Nuclei
• The Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Mission
• Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog
• The Spectral Energy Distribution of Fermi bright blazars
• The extragalactic optical-infrared background radiations, their time evolution and the cosmic photon-photon opacity
• The Cosmic Infrared Background: Measurements and Implications
• Extragalactic Background Light Inferred from AEGIS Galaxy SED-type Fractions
• BL Lac Objects in the Synchrotron Proton Blazar Model
• TeV Gamma Rays from BL Lac Objects due to Synchrotron Radiation of Extremely High Energy Protons
• Data Mining and Machine Learning in Astronomy
• The Fourth Catalog of Active Galactic Nuclei Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• 3FHL: The Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources
• Monte Carlo design studies for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• An infrared background--TeV gamma-ray crisis?
• The Milky Way as a Kiloparsec-Scale Axionscope
• The extragalactic background light revisited and the cosmic photon-photon opacity
• Hints of the existence of Axion-Like-Particles from the gamma-ray spectra of cosmological sources
• Absorption of 10--200 Gev Gamma Rays by Radiation from BLR in Blazars
• Simultaneous Constraints on the Spectrum of the Extragalactic Background Light and the Intrinsic Tev Spectra of Mrk 421, Mrk 501, and H1426+428
• A Statistical Approach to Recognizing Source Classes for Unassociated Sources in the First Fermi-LAT Catalog
• Classification and Ranking of Fermi LAT Gamma-ray Sources from the 3FGL Catalog using Machine Learning Techniques
• The 3HSP catalogue of Extreme & High Synchrotron Peaked Blazars
• 2WHSP: A catalog of HE and VHE gamma-ray blazars and blazar candidates
• Fermi's Sibyl: Mining the gamma-ray sky for dark matter subhaloes
• Active Learning to Overcome Sample Selection Bias: Application to Photometric Variable Star Classification
• 1WHSP: an IR-based sample of $\sim$1,000 VHE $\gamma$-ray blazar candidates
• Blazar Flaring Patterns (B-FlaP): Classifying Blazar Candidates of Uncertain type in the third Fermi-LAT catalog by Artificial Neural Networks
• BL Lac candidates for TeV observations
• Tests for Standard Accretion Disk Models by Variability in Active Galactic Nuclei
• 3FGLzoo. Classifying 3FGL Unassociated Fermi-LAT Gamma-ray Sources by Artificial Neural Networks
• Evaluating the optical classification of Fermi BCUs using machine learning
• Evidence for the Secondary Emission as the Origin of Hard Spectra in TeV Blazars
• An investigation on the factors affecting machine learning classifications in $\gamma$-ray astronomy
• The Second LBA Calibrator Survey of southern compact extragalactic radio sources - LCS2
• TeV-peaked candidate BL Lac objects
• Evaluating the classification of Fermi BCUs from the 4FGL Catalog Using Machine Learning
• Searching for AGN and Pulsar Candidates in 4FGL Unassociated Sources Using Machine Learning
• Modelling the multi-wavelength emission of flat spectrum radio quasar 3C 279
• Extreme & High Synchrotron Peak Blazars beyond 4FGL: The 2BIGB $\gamma$-ray catalogue
• Extreme & High Synchrotron Peaked Blazars at the limit of Fermi-LAT detectability: the $\gamma$-ray spectrum of 1BIGB sources
• Machine Learning applied to Multifrequency Data in Astrophysics: Blazar Classification
• Deep Learning Blazar Classification based on Multi-frequency Spectral Energy Distribution Data
• Identifying TeV Source Candidates among Fermi-LAT Unclassified Blazars

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Hunting extreme BL Lacertae blazars with Fermi-LAT
• The Energy Budget in the Jet of High-frequency Peaked BL Lacertae Objects
• The Fermi-LAT view of the changing-look blazar OQ 334
• Exploring the Most Extreme Gamma-Ray Blazars Using Broadband Spectral Energy Distributions
• Very High Energy Flat Spectral Radio Quasar Candidates