Constraining the Orbit and Mass of epsilon Eridani b with Radial Velocities, Hipparcos IAD-Gaia DR2 Astrometry, and Multi-epoch Vortex Coronagraphy Upper Limits

Abstract

$\epsilon$~Eridani is a young planetary system hosting a complex multi-belt debris disk and a confirmed Jupiter-like planet orbiting at 3.48 AU from its host star. Its age and architecture are thus reminiscent of the early Solar System. The most recent study of Mawet et al. 2019, which combined radial velocity (RV) data and Ms-band direct imaging upper limits, started to constrain the planet's orbital parameters and mass, but are still affected by large error bars and degeneracies. Here we make use of the most recent data compilation from three different techniques to further refine $\epsilon$~Eridani~b's properties: RVs, absolute astrometry measurements from the Hipparcos~and Gaia~missions, and new Keck/NIRC2 Ms-band vortex coronagraph images. We combine this data in a Bayesian framework. We find a new mass, $M_b$ = $0.66_{-0.09}^{+0.12}$~M${}_{Jup}$, and inclination, $i$ = $77.95_{-21.06}^{\circ +28.50}$, with at least a factor 2 improvement over previous uncertainties. We also report updated constraints on the longitude of the ascending node, the argument of the periastron, and the time of periastron passage. With these updated parameters, we can better predict the position of the planet at any past and future epoch, which can greatly help define the strategy and planning of future observations and with subsequent data analysis. In particular, these results can assist the search for a direct detection with JWST and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope's coronagraph instrument (CGI).

Published in AJ

References in corpus (27)

• Improved Age Estimation for Solar-Type Dwarfs Using Activity-Rotation Diagnostics
• Detection of Carbon Monoxide and Water Absorption Lines in an Exoplanet Atmosphere
• The Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations: Gaia EDR3 Edition
• Simultaneous Detection of Water, Methane and Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere of Exoplanet HR8799b
• The Extrasolar Planet epsilon Eridani b - Orbit and Mass
• orbitize!: A Comprehensive Orbit-fitting Software Package for the High-contrast Imaging Community
• Peering into the formation history of beta Pictoris b with VLTI/GRAVITY long baseline interferometry
• Constraining the Nature of the PDS 70 Protoplanets with VLTI/GRAVITY
• Direct confirmation of the radial-velocity planet $\beta$ Pic c
• Improving and Assessing Planet Sensitivity of the GPI Exoplanet Survey with a Forward Model Matched Filter
• Kepler-21b: A rocky planet around a V = 8.25 magnitude star
• Confidence Level and Sensitivity Limits in High Contrast Imaging
• Radial Velocity Measurements of HR 8799 b and c with Medium Resolution Spectroscopy
• The W. M. Keck Observatory infrared vortex coronagraph and a first image of HIP79124 B
• The Northern Arc of $\epsilon$ Eridani's Debris Ring as Seen by ALMA
• High-contrast Imaging with Spitzer: Deep Observations of Vega, Fomalhaut, and epsilon Eridani
• The Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey: Dynamical Mass of the Exoplanet beta Pictoris b from Combined Direct Imaging and Astrometry
• On-sky performance of the QACITS pointing control technique with the Keck/NIRC2 vortex coronagraph
• Direct imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets with the ELT/HARMONI high-contrast module
• Moderate-Resolution $K$-Band Spectroscopy of Substellar Companion $\kappa$ Andromedae b
• High contrast imaging at 10 microns, a search for exoplanets around: Eps Indi A, Eps Eri, Tau Ceti, Sirius A and Sirius B
• METIS: The Mid-infrared ELT Imager and Spectrograph
• An updated visual orbit of the directly-imaged exoplanet 51 Eridani b and prospects for a dynamical mass measurement with Gaia
• Catalogue of exoplanets accessible in reflected starlight to the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. A population study and prospects for phase-curve measurements
• Searching for Planets Orbiting Alpha Centauri A with the James Webb Space Telescope
• Discovery of an Edge-on Circumstellar Debris Disk Around BD+45${}^{\circ }$598: a Newly Identifed Member of the $\beta$ Pictoris Moving Group
• The Possible Astrometric Signature of a Planetary-mass Companion to the Nearby Young Star TW Piscis Austrini (Fomalhaut B): Constraints from Astrometry, Radial Velocities, and Direct Imaging

Cited by in corpus (20)

• Planet populations inferred from debris discs: insights from 178 debris systems in the ISPY, LEECH and LIStEN planet-hunting surveys
• The clumpy structure of $\epsilon$ Eridani's debris disc revisited by ALMA
• Revised orbits of the two nearest Jupiters
• Octofitter: Fast, Flexible, and Accurate Orbit Modelling to Detect Exoplanets
• The CORALIE survey for southern extrasolar planets XIX. Brown dwarfs and stellar companions unveiled by radial velocity and astrometry
• A Machine Learning approach for correcting radial velocities using physical observables
• Detecting Exoplanets Closer to Stars with Moderate Spectral Resolution Integral-Field Spectroscopy
• Dark Exoplanets
• Hiding Dust Around $\epsilon$ Eridani
• Tidally Heated Exomoons around $\epsilon$ Eridani b: Observability and prospects for characterization
• Imaging of exocomets with infrared interferometry
• The Direct Mid-Infrared Detectability of Habitable-zone Exoplanets Around Nearby Stars
• PACOME: Optimal multi-epoch combination of direct imaging observations for joint exoplanet detection and orbit estimation
• SPHERE RefPlanets: Search for epsilon Eridani b and warm dust
• Deepest limits on scattered light emission from the Epsilon Eridani inner debris disk with HST/STIS
• JWST/MIRI Imaging of the Warm Dust Component of the Epsilon Eridani Debris Disk
• Planet Search with the Keck/NIRC2 Vortex Coronagraph in Ms-band for Vega
• Radial velocity analysis of stars with debris discs
• SPORES-HWO. II. Companion Mass Limits and Updated Planet Properties for 120 Future Exoplanet Imaging Targets from 35 yr of Precise Doppler Monitoring
• Direct Imaging for the Debris Disk around $\epsilon$ Eridani with the Cool-Planet Imaging Coronagraph