Visualisation of quantised vortex reconnection as enabled by laser ablation

Abstract

Impurity injection into superfluid helium is a simple yet unique method with diverse applications, including high-precision spectroscopy, quantum computing, nano/micro materialsynthesis, and flow visualisation. Quantised vortices are believed to play a major role in the interaction between superfluid helium and light impurities. However, the basic principle governing the interaction is still controversial for dense materials such as semiconductor and metal impurities. Herein, we provide experimental evidence of the attraction of the dense silicon nanoparticles to the quantised vortex cores. We prepared the silicon nanoparticles via in-situ laser ablation. Following laser ablation, we observed that the silicon nanoparticles formed curved-filament-like structures, indicative of quantised vortex cores. We also observed that two accidentally intersecting quantised vortices exchanged their parts, a phenomenon called quantised vortex reconnection. This behaviour closely matches the dynamical scaling of reconnections. Our results provide a new method for visualising and studying impurity-quantised vortex interactions.

References in corpus (12)

• Characterization of reconnecting vortices in superfluid helium
• Numerical Studies of Quantum Turbulence
• Reconnection Dynamics for Quantized Vortices
• Visualization of Superfluid Helium Flow
• (Non)-universality of vortex reconnections in superfluids
• Crossover from interaction to driven regimes in quantum vortex reconnections
• Superdiffusion of quantized vortices uncovering scaling behavior of quantum turbulence
• Separation scaling for viscous vortex reconnection
• Optical trapping of nanoparticles in superfluid helium
• Dynamics of the vortex-particle complexes bound to the free surface of superfluid helium
• Inner structure of ZnO microspheres fabricated via laser ablation in superfluid helium
• Quantum vortex reconnections mediated by trapped particles

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Scaling and spontaneous symmetry restoring of topological defect dynamics in liquid crystal
• Direct excitation of Kelvin waves on quantized vortices
• Approach and rotation of reconnecting topological defect lines in liquid crystal
• Quantum vortex driven Kelvin wave in the thermal background of superfluid helium
• Kelvin-Wave-Inspired Optical Vortex Excitation in Kerr Nonlinear Media