Effect of controlled artificial disorder on the magnetic properties of EuFe${}_2$(As${}_{1-x}$P${}_x$)${}_2$ ferromagnetic superconductor

Abstract

Static (DC) and dynamic (AC, at 14 MHz and 8 GHz) magnetic susceptibilities of single crystals of a ferromagnetic superconductor, ${\text{EuFe}}_2({\text{As}}_{1-x}{\text{P}}_x{)}_2$ (x = 0.23), were measured in pristine state and after different doses of 2.5 MeV electron or 3.5 MeV proton irradiation. The superconducting transition temperature, $T_c(H)$, shows an extraordinarily large decrease. It starts at $T_c(H=0)\approx 24\text{K}$ in the pristine sample for both AC and DC measurements, but moves to almost half of that value after moderate irradiation dose. Our results suggest that in ${\text{EuFe}}_2({\text{As}}_{1-x}{\text{P}}_x{)}_2$ superconductivity is affected by local-moment ferromagnetism mostly via the spontaneous internal magnetic fields induced by the FM subsystem. Another mechanism is revealed upon irradiation where magnetic defects created in ordered ${\text{Eu}}^{2+}$ lattice act as efficient pairbreakers leading to a significant $T_c$ reduction upon irradiation compared to other 122 compounds. On the other hand, the exchange interactions seem to be weakly screened by the superconducting phase leading to a modest increase of $T_m$ (less than 1 K) after the irradiation drives $T_c$ to below $T_m$. The results suggest that FM and SC phases coexist microscopically in the same volume.

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