Anisotropic upper critical field of pristine and proton-irradiated single crystals of the magnetically ordered superconductor RbEuFe${}_4$As${}_4$

Abstract

We present a study of the upper critical field, H${}_{c2}$, of pristine and proton-irradiated RbEuFe${}_4$As${}_4$ crystals in pulsed magnetic fields of up to 65 T. The data for H${}_{c2}$ reveal pronounced downwards curvature, particularly for the in-plane field orientation, and a superconducting anisotropy that decreases with decreasing temperature. These features are indicative of Pauli paramagnetic limiting. For the interpretation of these data, we use a model of a clean single-band superconductor with an open Fermi surface in the shape of a warped cylinder, which includes strong paramagnetic limiting. Fits to the data reveal that the in-plane upper critical field is Pauli paramagnetic limited, while the out-of-plane upper critical field is orbitally limited and that the orbital and paramagnetic fields have opposite anisotropies. A consequence of this particular combination is the unusual inversion of the anisotropy, $H_{c2}^{ab}<H_{c2}^c$, of the irradiated sample at temperatures below 10 K. The fits also yield an in-plane Maki parameter, ${\alpha }_M^{110}\approx$ 2.6, exceeding the critical value for the formation of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state. Nevertheless, the current measurements did not reveal direct evidence for the occurrence of this state.

arXiv comment10 pages (including references), 7 figures

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