Temperature and Angular Dependence of the Upper Critical Field in K${}_2$Cr${}_3$As${}_3$

Abstract

We report measurements of the upper critical field $H_{c2}$ as functions of temperature $T$, polar angle $\theta$ (of the field direction with respect to the crystallographic $c$ axis), and azimuthal angle $\varphi$ (of the field direction relative to the $a$ axis within the $ab$ plane) for the Cr-based superconductor K${}_2$Cr${}_3$As${}_3$ with a quasi-one-dimensional and non-centrosymmetric crystal structure. We confirm that the anisotropy in $H_{c2}(T)$ becomes inverse with decreasing temperature. At low temperatures, $H_{c2}(\theta )$ data are featured by two maxima at $\theta$ = 0 ($\mathbf{H}\parallel c$) and $\pi /2$ ($\mathbf{H}\perp c$), which can be quantitatively understood only if uniaxial effective-mass anisotropy and absence of Pauli paramagnetic effect for $\mathbf{H}\perp c$ are taken simultaneously into consideration. The in-plane $H_{c2}(\varphi )$ profile shows a unique threefold modulation especially at low temperatures. Overall, the characteristic of the $H_{c2}(\theta ,\varphi ,T)$ data mostly resemble those of the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt${}_3$, and we argue in favor of a dominant spin-triplet superconductivity with odd parity in K${}_2$Cr${}_3$As${}_3$.

Manuscript 7 pages, 3 figures.final version. Supplemental Material available upon request

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