Combined analysis of HPK 3.1 LGADs using a proton beam, beta source, and probe station towards establishing high volume quality control

Abstract

The upgrades of the CMS and ATLAS experiments for the high luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider will employ precision timing detectors based on Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs). We present a suite of results combining measurements from the Fermilab Test Beam Facility, a beta source telescope, and a probe station, allowing full characterization of the HPK type 3.1 production of LGAD prototypes developed for these detectors. We demonstrate that the LGAD response to high energy test beam particles is accurately reproduced with a beta source. We further establish that probe station measurements of the gain implant accurately predict the particle response and operating parameters of each sensor, and conclude that the uniformity of the gain implant in this production is sufficient to produce full-sized sensors for the ATLAS and CMS timing detectors.

arXiv comment20 page, 20 figures

References in corpus (2)

• Beam test results of a 16 ps timing system based on ultra-fast silicon detectors
• Experimental Study of Acceptor Removal in UFSD

Cited by in corpus (6)

• First survey of centimeter-scale AC-LGAD strip sensors with a 120 GeV proton beam
• Results for pixel and strip centimeter-scale AC-LGAD sensors with a 120 GeV proton beam
• Characterization of BNL and HPK AC-LGAD sensors with a 120 GeV proton beam
• Studying AC-LGAD strip sensors from laser and testbeam measurements
• AC-LGADs Fermilab Front-End Electronics Characterization
• Gain characterization of LGAD sensors with beta particles and 28-MeV protons