Core Fragmentation in Simplest Superfluid Dark Matter Scenario

Abstract

We study the structure of galactic halos within a scalar dark matter model, endowed with a repulsive quartic self-interaction, capable of undergoing the superfluid phase transition in high-density regions. We demonstrate that the thermalized cores are prone to fragmentation into superfluid droplets due to the Jeans instability. Furthermore, since cores of astrophysical size may be generated only when most of the particles comprising the halo reside in a highly degenerate phase-space, the well-known bound on the dark matter self-interaction cross section inferred from the collision of clusters needs to be revised, accounting for the enhancement of the interaction rate due to degeneracy. As a result, generation of kpc-size superfluid solitons, within the parameter subspace consistent with the Bullet Cluster bound, requires dark matter particles to be ultra-light.

14 pages, 3 figures; V2: Minor edits, Journal version

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• Superfluid Dark Matter around Black Holes
• Self-Interacting Superfluid Dark Matter Droplets
• Cosmic Filament Spin from Dark Matter Vortices
• Finite Temperature Description of an Interacting Bose Gas
• Thermalization, Fragmentation and Tidal Disruption: The Complex Galactic Dynamics of Dark Matter Superfluidity
• Boson dark matter halos with a dominant noncondensed component