Galaxy Sizes Since $z=2$ from the Perspective of Stellar Mass Distribution within Galaxies

Abstract

How stellar mass assembles within galaxies is still an open question. We present measurements of the stellar mass distribution on kpc-scale for $\sim 5500$ galaxies with stellar masses above $\log (M_{\ast }/M_{\odot })⩾9.8$ up to the redshift $2.0$. We create stellar mass maps from Hubble Space Telescope observations by means of the pixel-by-pixel SED fitting method. These maps are used to derive radii encompassing $20\%$, $50\%$, and $80\%$ ($r_{20}$, $r_{50}$ and $r_{80}$) of the total stellar mass from the best-fit Sérsic models. The reliability and limitations of the structural parameter measurements are checked extensively using a large sample ($\sim 3000$) of simulated galaxies. The size-mass relations and redshift evolution of $r_{20}$, $r_{50}$ and $r_{80}$ are explored for star-forming and quiescent galaxies. At fixed mass, the star-forming galaxies do not show significant changes in their $r_{20}$, $r_{50}$ and $r_{80}$ sizes, indicating self-similar growth. Only above the pivot stellar mass of $\log (M_{\ast }/M_{\odot })\simeq 10.5$, $r_{80}$ evolves as $r_{80}\propto (1+z{)}^{-0.85\pm 0.20}$, indicating that mass builds up in the outskirts of these systems (inside-out growth). The Sérsic values also increase for the massive star-forming galaxies towards late cosmic time. Massive quiescent galaxies show stronger size evolution at all radii, in particular the $r_{20}$ sizes. For these massive galaxies, Sérsic values remain almost constant since at least $z\sim 1.3$, indicating that the strong size evolution is related to the changes in the outer parts of these galaxies. We make all the structural parameters publicly available.

32 pages, 15 figures and 3 appendices. Accepted for publication in ApJ

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