Universal bound to the amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal in superconductors

Abstract

A liquid of superconducting vortices generates a transverse thermoelectric response. This Nernst signal has a tail deep in the normal state due to superconducting fluctuations. Here, we present a study of the Nernst effect in two-dimensional hetero-structures of Nb-doped strontium titanate (STO) and in amorphous MoGe. The Nernst signal generated by ephemeral Cooper pairs above the critical temperature has the magnitude expected by theory in STO. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal below $T_c$ is comparable in both and in numerous other superconductors despite the large distribution of the critical temperature and the critical magnetic fields. In four superconductors belonging to different families, the maximum Nernst signal corresponds to an entropy per vortex per layer of $\approx$ k${}_{B}ln2$.

Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett

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• T-square dependence of the electronic thermal resistivity in metallic strontium titanate
• Evolution of dissipative regimes in atomically thin ${\text{Bi}}_2{\text{Sr}}_2{\text{CaCu}}_2{\text{O}}_{8+x}$ superconductor
• What is measured when measuring a thermoelectric coefficient?
• Nernst effect and its thickness dependence in superconducting NbN films
• Study on fluctuations of interface-enhanced superconductivity in ultrathin FeSe/SrTiO3 by the Nernst effect
• Vortex Transport Entropy in cuprate superconductors and Boltzmann Constant
• Superconducting fluctuations observed far above T${}_{\mathrm{c}}$ in the isotropic superconductor K${}_3$C${}_{60}$