A Systematic Analysis of the Phase Lags Associated with the Type-C Quasi-periodic Oscillation in GRS 1915+105

Abstract

We present a systematic analysis of the phase lags associated with the type-C QPOs in GRS 1915+105 using RXTE data. Our sample comprises of 620 RXTE observations with type-C QPOs ranging from ~0.4 Hz to ~6.3 Hz. Based on our analysis, we confirm that the QPO phase lags decrease with QPO frequency, and change sign from positive to negative at a QPO frequency of ~2 Hz. In addition, we find that the slope of this relation is significantly different between QPOs below and above 2 Hz. The relation between the QPO lags and QPO rms can be well fitted with a broken line: as the QPO lags go from negative to positive, the QPO rms first increases, reaching its maximum at around zero lag, and then decreases. The phase-lag behaviour of the subharmonic of the QPO is similar to that of the QPO fundamental, where the subharmonic lags decrease with subharmonic frequency and change sign from positive to negative at a subharmonic frequency of ~1 Hz; on the contrary, the second harmonic of the QPO shows a quite different phase-lag behaviour, where all the second harmonics show hard lags that remain more or less constant. For both the QPO and its (sub)harmonics, the slope of the lag-energy spectra shows a similar evolution with frequency as the average phase lags. This suggests that the lag-energy spectra drives the average phase lags. We discuss the possibility for the change in lag sign, and the physical origin of the QPO lags.

12 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (46)

• Lense-Thirring Precession and QPOs in Low Mass X-Ray Binaries
• A Unified Description of the Timing Features of Accreting X-ray Binaries
• RXTE Observation of Cygnus X-1: II. Timing Analysis
• X-ray reverberation around accreting black holes
• Low frequency QPO spectra and Lense-Thirring precession
• On the X-ray time lags in the black hole candidates
• The ABC of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in Black-Hole Candidates: analogies with Z-sources
• X-Ray Variability Coherence: How to Compute it, What it Means, and How it Constrains Models of Cyg X-1 and GX 339-4
• A Parallax Distance to the Microquasar GRS 1915+105 and a Revised Estimate of its Black Hole Mass
• A study of the low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in the X-ray light curves of the black hole candidate XTE J1859+226
• Hard X-ray states and radio emission in GRS 1915+105
• Characterizing the QPO Behavior of the X-ray Nova XTE J1550--564
• The Complex Phase Lag Behavior of the 3-12 Hz Quasi-Periodic Oscillations during the Very High State of XTE J1550-564
• A quasi-periodic modulation of the iron line centroid energy in the black hole binary H 1743-322
• Geometrical constraints on the origin of timing signals from black holes
• High-Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in black-hole binaries
• High- and low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in the X-ray light curves of the black hole transient H1743-322
• The faint "heartbeats" of IGR J17091-3624: an exceptional black-hole candidate
• Discovery of a Second High Frequency QPO from the Microquasar GRS 1915+105
• NuSTAR Spectroscopy of GRS 1915+105: Disk Reflection, Spin, and Connections to Jets
• A Precessing Ring Model for Low-Frequency Quasi-periodic Oscillations
• Inclination dependence of QPO phase lags in black hole X-ray binaries
• Quasi periodic oscillations in black hole binaries
• High Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in the 2000 Outburst of the Galactic Microquasar XTE J1550-564
• High frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in the black hole X-ray transient XTE J1650-500
• Variability of X-ray binaries from an oscillating hot corona
• Insight-HXMT observations of the New Black Hole Candidate MAXI J1535-571: timing analysis
• AstroSat/LAXPC reveals the high energy variability of GRS 1915+105 in the chi class
• Tomographic reflection modelling of quasi-periodic oscillations in the black hole binary H 1743-322
• Phase-resolved spectroscopy of low frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in GRS 1915+105
• Inclination-dependent spectral and timing properties in transient black hole X-ray binaries
• Discovery of high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in the black-hole candidate IGR J17091-3624
• The energy dependence of the centroid frequency and phase lag of the QPOs in GRS 1915+105
• X-Ray Spectral and Timing Evolution During the Decay of the 1998 Outburst from the Recurrent X-Ray Transient 4U 1630-47
• A Comptonization Model for Phase Lag Variability in GRS 1915+105
• X-ray temporal properties of XTE J1650-500 during outburst decay
• ``Canonical'' Black Hole States in the Superluminal Source GRO J1655-40
• An X-ray Timing Study of XTE J1550--564: Evolution of the Low Frequency QPO for the Complete 2000 Outburst
• Probing the origin of quasi-periodic oscillations: the short-timescale evolution of phase lags in GRS 1915+105
• The phase lags of high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in four black-hole candidates
• The Evolution of the Phase Lags Associated with the Type-C Quasi-periodic Oscillation in GX 339--4 during the 2006/2007 Outburst
• Comparison of time/phase lags in the hard state and plateau state of GRS 1915+105
• A Statistical Study on the Low-Frequency QPO Amplitude Spectrum and Amplitude in GRS 1915+105
• Revealing the nature of the QPO and its harmonic in GX 339-4 using frequency-resolved spectroscopy
• A Systematic Study on Energy Dependence of Quasi-Periodic Oscillation Frequency in GRS 1915+105
• Broadband X-ray Spectral and Timing Analyses of the Black Hole Binary Candidate Swift J1658.2-4242: Rapid Flux Variation and the Turn-on of a Transient QPO

Cited by in corpus (35)

• Disk, Corona, Jet Connection in the Intermediate State of MAXI J1820+070 Revealed by NICER Spectral-Timing Analysis
• Coupling between the accreting corona and the relativistic jet in the micro quasar GRS 1915+105
• vKompth: A variable Comptonisation model for low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in black-hole X-ray binaries
• The NICER "Reverberation Machine": A Systematic Study of Time Lags in Black Hole X-Ray Binaries
• A variable corona for GRS 1915+105
• Phase-resolved spectroscopy of a quasi-periodic oscillation in the black hole X-ray binary GRS 1915+105 with NICER and NuSTAR
• The evolution of the corona in MAXI J1535-571 through type-C quasi-periodic oscillations with Insight-HXMT
• The evolving properties of the corona of GRS 1915+105: A spectral-timing perspective through variable-Comptonisation modelling
• The comptonizing medium of the black-hole X-ray binary MAXI~J1535$-$571 through type-C quasi-periodic oscillations
• A NICER look at the state transitions of the black hole candidate MAXI J1535-571 during its reflares
• A variable corona during the transition from type-C to type-B quasi-periodic oscillations in the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070
• Variability and phase lags of the type-C quasi-periodic oscillation of MAXI J1348-630 with NICER
• On the energy dependence of the QPO phenomenon in the black hole system MAXI J1535-571
• X-ray quasi-periodic oscillations in Lense-Thirring precession model -- II. variability of relativistic iron K$\alpha$ line
• Unraveling the foretime of GRS 1915+105 using AstroSat observations: Wide-band spectral and temporal characteristics
• X-ray Spectral and Timing evolution of MAXI J1727-203 with NICER
• Are Low-Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations seen in accretion flows the disk response to a jet instability?
• ALMA/NICER observations of GRS 1915+105 indicate a return to a hard state
• AstroSat view of the newly discovered X-ray transient MAXI~J1803--298 in the Hard-intermediate state
• Sub-second periodic radio oscillations in a microquasar
• A Phase-resolved View of the Low-frequency Quasiperiodic Oscillations from the Black Hole Binary MAXI J1820+070
• Wavelet analysis of the transient QPOs in MAXI J1535$-$571 with Insight-HXMT
• A hidden quasi-periodic oscillation in Cygnus X-1 revealed by NICER
• The evolution of the high-frequency variability in the black hole candidate GRS 1915+105 as seen by RXTE
• Trace the Accretion Geometry of H 1743--322 with Type C Quasi-periodic Oscillations in Multiple Outbursts
• Determination of QPO properties in the presence of strong broad-band noise: a case study on the data of MAXI J1820+070
• Using the bispectrum to probe radio X-ray correlations in GRS 1915+105
• Timing analysis of the black-hole candidate Swift J1727.8-1613: detection of a dip-like feature in the high-energy cross spectrum
• Evolution of the Comptonizing medium of the black-hole candidate Swift J1727.8$-$1613 along the hard to hard-intermediate state transition using NICER
• Spectro-temporal Investigation of Quasi-periodic Oscillations From Black Hole X-ray Binary 4U 1630-472 Using $\text{NICER}$
• Likely detection of magnetic field related LFQPO in the soft X-ray re-brightening of GRS~1915+105
• Black-hole X-ray binary Swift J1727.8$-$1613 shows simultaneous Type-B and Type-C quasi-periodic oscillations across the hard-intermediate and soft-intermediate states
• Radiative feedbacks as drivers for quasi-periodic-oscillation activity in black-hole X-ray binaries
• QPOML: A Machine Learning Approach to Detect and Characterize Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in X-ray Binaries
• An Insight-HXMT View of the Evolution of the Type-C Quasiperiodic Oscillation during the Flaring State of Swift J1727.8-1613