A Modified Spheromak Model Suitable for Coronal Mass Ejection Simulations

Abstract

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are one of the primary drivers of extreme space weather. They are large eruptions of mass and magnetic field from the solar corona and can travel the distance between Sun and Earth in half a day to a few days. Predictions of CMEs at 1 Astronomical Unit (AU), in terms of both its arrival time and magnetic field configuration, are very important for predicting space weather. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling of CMEs, using flux-rope-based models is a promising tool for achieving this goal. In this study, we present one such model for CME simulations, based on spheromak magnetic field configuration. We have modified the spheromak solution to allow for independent input of poloidal and toroidal fluxes. The motivation for this is a possibility to estimate these fluxes from solar magnetograms and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) data from a number of different approaches. We estimate the poloidal flux of CME using post eruption arcades (PEAs) and toroidal flux from the coronal dimming. In this modified spheromak, we also have an option to control the helicity sign of flux ropes, which can be derived from the solar disk magnetograms using the magnetic tongue approach. We demonstate the applicability of this model by simulating the 12 July 2012 CME in the solar corona.

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Successive interacting coronal mass ejections: How to create a perfect storm?
• Application of a Modified Spheromak Model to Simulations of Coronal Mass Ejection in the Inner Heliosphere
• Ensemble simulations of the 12 July 2012 Coronal Mass Ejection with the Constant Turn Flux Rope Model
• The spheromak tilting and how it affects modelling coronal mass ejections
• Improving the Arrival Time Estimates of Coronal Mass Ejections by Using Magnetohydrodynamic Ensemble Modeling, Heliospheric Imager data, and Machine Learning
• SIP-IFVM: Efficient time-accurate magnetohydrodynamic model of the corona and coronal mass ejections
• Ensemble Modeling of the Solar Wind Flow with Boundary Conditions Governed by Synchronic Photospheric Magnetograms. I. Multi-point Validation in the Inner Heliosphere