Measurability of nonequilibrium thermodynamics in terms of the Hamiltonian of mean force
arXiv:2001.08917 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.101.050101
Abstract
The nonequilibrium thermodynamics of an open (classical or quantum) system in strong contact with a single heat bath can be conveniently described in terms of the Hamiltonian of mean force. However, the conventional formulation is limited by the necessity to measure differences in equilibrium properties of the system-bath composite. We make use of the freedom involved in defining thermodynamic quantities, which leaves the thermodynamics unchanged, to show that the Hamiltonian of mean force can be inferred from measurements on the system alone, up to that irrelevant freedom. In doing so, we refute a key criticism expressed in Phys. Rev. E 94, 022143 and arXiv:1911.11660. We also discuss the remaining part of the criticism.
arXiv commentAccepted version with minor improvements and an additional appendix
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- Open quantum system dynamics and the mean force Gibbs state
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- Fluctuating Relativistic hydrodynamics from Crooks theorem
- von Neumann entropy and the entropy production of a damped harmonic oscillator
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- Strong Coupling Thermodynamics and Stochastic Thermodynamics from the Unifying Perspective of Time-Scale Separation
- Classical and quantum thermodynamics in a non-equilibrium regime: Application to Stirling engine
- Effective Gibbs state for averaged observables
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