Probabilistically Violating the First Law of Thermodynamics in a Quantum Heat Engine
arXiv:2102.01395 · doi:10.21468/SciPostPhys.12.5.168
Abstract
Fluctuations of thermodynamic observables, such as heat and work, contain relevant information on the underlying physical process. These fluctuations are however not taken into account in the traditional laws of thermodynamics. While the second law is extended to fluctuating systems by the celebrated fluctuation theorems, the first law is generally believed to hold even in the presence of fluctuations. Here we show that in the presence of quantum fluctuations, also the first law of thermodynamics may break down. This happens because quantum mechanics imposes constraints on the knowledge of heat and work. To illustrate our results, we provide a detailed case-study of work and heat fluctuations in a quantum heat engine based on a circuit QED architecture. We find probabilistic violations of the first law and show that they are closely connected to quantum signatures related to negative quasi-probabilities. Our results imply that in the presence of quantum fluctuations, the first law of thermodynamics may not be applicable to individual experimental runs.
References in corpus (71)
- A nonequilibrium equality for free energy differences
- Stochastic thermodynamics, fluctuation theorems, and molecular machines
- The Entropy Production Fluctuation Theorem and the Nonequilibrium Work Relation for Free Energy Differences
- Introduction to Quantum Noise, Measurement and Amplification
- Entropy production along a stochastic trajectory and an integral fluctuation theorem
- Nonequilibrium fluctuations, fluctuation theorems, and counting statistics in quantum systems
- Electron Counting Statistics and Coherent States of Electric Current
- Fluctuation theorems: Work is not an observable
- Universal trade-off between power, efficiency, and constancy in steady-state heat engines
- Irreversible entropy production, from quantum to classical
- Ensemble and Trajectory Thermodynamics: A Brief Introduction
- Fluctuation Theorem for Arbitrary Open Quantum Systems
- On the Local and Global Approaches to Quantum Transport and Violation of the Second-law of Thermodynamics
- Markovian master equations for quantum thermal machines: local vs global approach
- Tunable photonic heat transport in a quantum heat valve
- Nanoscale thermal imaging of dissipation in quantum systems
- The role of quantum measurement in stochastic thermodynamics
- First and Second Law of Thermodynamics at strong coupling
- No-go theorem for the characterisation of work fluctuations in coherent quantum systems
- {\it Colloquium:} Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics at Strong Coupling: Quantum and Classical
- Nonequilibrium fluctuations in quantum heat engines: Theory, example, and possible solid state experiments
- Work measurement as a generalized quantum measurement
- Testing the validity of the local and global GKLS master equations on an exactly solvable model
- Quantum Mechanics in Phase Space
- Quantum Measurement Cooling
- Full counting statistics of electron transfer between superconductors
- The Bright Side of Coulomb Blockade
- Full counting statistics of a general quantum mechanical variable
- Quantum Trajectory Approach to the Stochastic Thermodynamics of a Forced Harmonic Oscillator
- Perturbative treatment of inter-site couplings in the local description of open quantum networks
- Efficient Quantum Measurement Engine
- Using a qubit to measure photon number statistics of a driven, thermal oscillator
- Ideal Projective Measurements Have Infinite Resource Costs
- Fluctuation theorems in driven open quantum systems
- Fully quantum fluctuation theorems
- Full distribution of work done on a quantum system for arbitrary initial states
- Quantum heat engine based on photon-assisted Cooper pair tunneling
- Single-Temperature Quantum Engine Without Feedback Control
- Thermodynamic uncertainty relation in thermal transport
- The equilibrium states of open quantum systems in the strong coupling regime
- Fluctuation Relation for Quantum Heat Engines and Refrigerators
- A thermodynamically consistent Markovian master equation beyond the secular approximation
- Work estimation and work fluctuations in the presence of non-ideal measurements
- An operational approach to quantum stochastic thermodynamics
- Probing Quantum Interference Effects in the Work Distribution
- Lindblad equation approach for the full counting statistics of work and heat in driven quantum systems
- Heat-exchange statistics in driven open quantum systems
- Photon Statistics; Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Single Quantum Systems
- Fundamental limits for cooling of linear quantum refrigerators
- Emission of non-classical radiation by inelastic Cooper pair tunneling
- Negative Full Counting Statistics Arise From Interference Effects
- On apparent breaking the second law of thermodynamics in quantum transport studies
- Quantum energy exchange and refrigeration: A full-counting statistics approach
- A quantum enhanced finite-time Otto cycle
- Full counting statistics of energy fluctuations in a driven quantum resonator
- Critical heat current for operating an entanglement engine
- Quasi-probability distributions for observables in dynamic systems
- Photon counting statistics of a microwave cavity
- Generating two continuous entangled microwave beams using a dc-biased Josephson junction
- Thermodynamics of Optical Bloch Equations
- Anti-Zeno quantum advantage in fast-driven heat machines
- Optimal work extraction from quantum states by photo-assisted Cooper pair tunneling
- Measurability of nonequilibrium thermodynamics in terms of the Hamiltonian of mean force
- Coherent fluctuation relations: from the abstract to the concrete
- Incomplete current fluctuation theorems for a four-terminal model
- Thermodynamics of Quantum Causal Models: An Inclusive, Hamiltonian Approach
- Fluctuating work in coherent quantum systems: proposals and limitations
- Revealing the strokes of autonomous quantum heat engines with work and heat fluctuations
- Conservation laws in quantum noninvasive measurements
- Certifying Non-Classical Behavior for Negative Keldysh Quasi-Probabilities
- Quantum mean-square predictors and thermodynamics
Cited by in corpus (15)
- Violating the Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation in the Three-Level Maser
- A thermodynamically consistent Markovian master equation beyond the secular approximation
- Quantum Heat Engines with Singular Interactions
- CircuitQ: An open-source toolbox for superconducting circuits
- Energy conservation and fluctuation theorem are incompatible for quantum work
- Photon emission statistics of a driven microwave cavity
- The Wave-Particle Duality in a Quantum Heat Engine
- Photon counting statistics in Gaussian bosonic networks
- A Thermodynamic Framework for Coherently Driven Systems
- Thermodynamics of autonomous optical Bloch equations
- Revising the quantum work fluctuation framework to encompass energy conservation
- Noninvasive and nonadiabatic quantum Maxwell demon
- Typical Positivity of Nonequilibrium Entropy Production for Pure States
- Heat operator approach to quantum stochastic thermodynamics in the strong-coupling regime
- Quantum Otto engines at relativistic energies