Correlation between crystal purity and the charge density wave in 1$T$-VSe${}_2$

Abstract

We examine the charge density wave (CDW) properties of 1$T$-VSe${}_2$ crystals grown by chemical vapour transport (CVT) under varying conditions. Specifically, we find that by lowering the growth temperature ($T_{\mathrm{g}}$ $<$ 630${}^{\circ }$C), there is a significant increase in both the CDW transition temperature and the residual resistance ratio (RRR) obtained from electrical transport measurements. Using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), we correlate the observed CDW properties with stoichiometry and the nature of defects. In addition, we have optimized a method to grow ultra-high purity 1$T$-VSe${}_2$ crystals with a CDW transition temperature, $T_{\mathrm{CDW}}$ = (112.7 $\pm$ 0.8) K and maximum residual resistance ratio (RRR) $\approx$ 49, which is the highest reported thus far. This work highlights the sensitivity of the CDW in 1$T$-VSe${}_2$ to defects and overall stoichiometry, and the importance of controlling the crystal growth conditions of strongly-correlated transition metal dichalcogenides.

14 pages, 11 figures

References in corpus (5)

• Control and Characterization of Individual Grains and Grain Boundaries in Graphene Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition
• Molecular beam epitaxy growth and scanning tunneling microscopy study of TiSe${}_2$ ultrathin films
• Doping nature of native defects in 1T-TiSe2
• Signatures of the Kondo effect in VSe2
• Strain Engineering a $4a\times \sqrt{3}a$ Charge Density Wave Phase in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide 1T-VSe${}_2$

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• Controlling charge density order in 2H-TaSe${}_2$ using a van Hove singularity
• Enhanced exciton-exciton collisions in an ultra-flat monolayer MoSe2 prepared through deterministic flattening
• Spectrally resolving the phase and amplitude of coherent phonons in the charge density wave state of 1$T$-TaSe${}_2$
• Lifshitz transition enabling superconducting dome around the quantum critical point in TiSe${}_2$
• Spectral signatures of a unique charge density wave in Ta${}_2$NiSe${}_7$
• Observation of the charge density wave collective mode in the infrared optical response of VSe${}_2$
• Observation of momentum-dependent charge density wave gap in a layered antiferromagnet GdTe3
• Comparative study of Kondo effect in Vanadium dichalcogenides VX${}_2$ (X=Se & Te)
• Anomalous amplitude mode dynamics below the expected charge-density-wave transition in 1$T$-VSe${}_2$
• Superconducting Sn-Intercalated TaSe${}_2$: Structural Diversity Obscured by Routine Characterization Techniques