The properties of prompt emission in short GRBs with extended emission observed by {\em Fermi}/GBM

Abstract

Short GRBs with extended emission (EE) that are composed initially of a short-hard spike and followed by a long-lasting EE, are thought to be classified as a subsection of short GRBs. The narrow energy band available during the {\em Swift} era combined with a lack of spectral information prevented discovery of the intrinsic properties of those events. In this paper, we performed a systematic search of short GRBs with EE by using all available {\em Fermi}/GBM data. The search identified 26 GBM-detected short GRBs with EE that are similar to GRB 060614 observed by {\em Swift}/BAT. We focus on investigating the spectral and temporal properties for both the hard spike and the EE components of all 26 GRBs, and explore differences and possible correlations between them. We find that while the peak energy ($E_{\mathrm{p}}$) of the hard spikes is a little bit harder than that of the EE, but their fluences are comparable. The harder $E_{\mathrm{p}}$ seems to correspond to a larger fluence and peak flux with a large scatter for both the hard spike and EE components. Moreover, the $E_{\mathrm{p}}$ of both the hard spikes and EE are compared to other short GRBs. Finally, we also compare the properties of GRB 170817A with those short GRBs with EE and find no significant statistical differences between them. We find that GRB 170817A has the lowest $E_{\mathrm{p}}$, likely because it was off-axis.

12 pages, 6 figures, and 1 table. MNRAS in press, matched the published version

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• New evidence of multiple channels for the origin of gamma-ray bursts with extended emission
• Evidence of Photosphere Emission Origin for Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emission
• Overall Spectral Properties of Prompt Emissions with Diverse Segments in Swift/BAT Short Gamma-ray Bursts
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