Efficient second harmonic generation in nanophotonic GaAs-on-insulator waveguides

Abstract

Nonlinear frequency conversion plays a crucial role in advancing the functionality of next-generation optical systems. Portable metrology references and quantum networks will demand highly efficient second-order nonlinear devices, and the intense nonlinear interactions of nanophotonic waveguides can be leveraged to meet these requirements. Here we demonstrate second harmonic generation (SHG) in GaAs-on-insulator waveguides with unprecedented efficiency of 40 W${}^{-1}$ for a single-pass device. This result is achieved by minimizing the propagation loss and optimizing phase-matching. We investigate surface-state absorption and design the waveguide geometry for modal phase-matching with tolerance to fabrication variation. A 2.0 $\mu$m pump is converted to a 1.0 $\mu$m signal in a length of 2.9 mm with a wide signal bandwidth of 148 GHz. Tunable and efficient operation is demonstrated over a temperature range of 45 ${}^{\circ }$C with a slope of 0.24 nm/${}^{\circ }$C. Wafer-bonding between GaAs and SiO${}_2$ is optimized to minimize waveguide loss, and the devices are fabricated on 76 mm wafers with high uniformity. We expect this device to enable fully integrated self-referenced frequency combs and high-rate entangled photon pair generation.

arXiv comment7 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (13)

• An Integrated-Photonics Optical-Frequency Synthesizer
• Generation of Ultrastable Microwaves via Optical Frequency Division
• Coherent, multi-heterodyne spectroscopy using stabilized optical frequency combs
• Ultrahigh-efficiency second-harmonic generation in nanophotonic PPLN waveguides
• Periodically poled thin film lithium niobate microring resonators with a second-harmonic generation efficiency of 250,000%/W
• Stably accessing octave-spanning microresonator frequency combs in the soliton regime
• Octave-spanning dissipative Kerr soliton frequency combs in $S{i}_3{N}_4$ microresonators
• Second harmonic generation in gallium phosphide photonic crystal nanocavities with ultralow continuous wave pump power
• 17,000 %/W Second Harmonic Conversion Efficiency in Single Crystalline Aluminum Nitride Microresonators
• Broadband Resonator-Waveguide Coupling for Efficient Extraction of Octave Spanning Microcombs
• A Kerr-microresonator optical clockwork
• Origin of optical losses in gallium arsenide disk whispering gallery resonators
• Micro-resonator soliton generated directly with a diode laser

Cited by in corpus (19)

• Intense optical parametric amplification in dispersion engineered nanophotonic lithium niobate waveguides
• Ultrahigh-Q AlGaAs-on-insulator microresonators for integrated nonlinear photonics
• Post-2000 Nonlinear Optical Materials and Measurements: Data Tables and Best Practices
• Efficient photon-pair generation in layer-poled lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguides
• Ultra-efficient and highly-tunable second-harmonic generation in Z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate nanowaveguides
• Nonlinear integrated quantum photonics with AlGaAs
• Efficient frequency conversion in a degenerate ${\chi }^{(2)}$ microresonator
• Efficient Type II Second Harmonic Generation in an Indium Gallium Phosphide on insulator wire waveguide aligned with a crystallographic axis
• Second Harmonic Generation Enabled by Longitudinal Electric Field Components in Photonic Wire Waveguides
• Expanding the Quantum Photonic Toolbox in AlGaAsOI
• Full Vectorial Modeling of Second Harmonic Generation in III-V-on-insulator Nanowires
• Engineering AlGaAs-on-insulator towards quantum optical applications
• Optical spin control and coherence properties of acceptor bound holes in strained GaAs
• Quantifying and mitigating optical surface loss in suspended GaAs photonic integrated circuits
• Efficient and robust second-harmonic generation in thin-film lithium niobate using modal phase matching
• Amplification of cascaded downconversion by reusing photons with a switchable cavity
• Roadmap on Integrated Quantum Photonics
• Spectral and temporal properties of type-II parametric down-conversion: The impact of losses during state generation
• Engineering cm-scale true push-pull electro-optic modulators in a suspended GaAs photonic integrated circuit platform by exploiting the orientation induced asymmetry of the Pockels $r_{41}$ coefficient