Using [CII] 158 micron Emission From Isolated ISM Phases as a Star-Formation Rate Indicator

Abstract

The brightest observed emission line in many star-forming galaxies is the [CII] 158 micron line, making it detectable up to z~7. In order to better understand and quantify the [CII] emission as a tracer of star-formation, the theoretical ratio between the [NII] 205 micron emission and the [CII] 158 micron emission has been employed to empirically determine the fraction of [CII] emission that originates from the ionized and neutral phases of the ISM. Sub-kiloparsec measurements of the [CII] 158 micron and [NII] 205 micron line in nearby galaxies have recently become available as part of the Key Insights in Nearby Galaxies: a Far Infrared Survey with Herschel (KINGFISH) and Beyond the Peak (BtP) programs. With the information from these two far-infrared lines along with the multi-wavelength suite of KINGFISH data, a calibration of the [CII] emission line as a star formation rate indicator and a better understanding of the [CII] deficit are pursued. [CII] emission is also compared to PAH emission in these regions to compare photoelectric heating from PAH molecules to cooling by [CII] in the neutral and ionized phases of the ISM. We find that the [CII] emission originating in the neutral phase of the ISM does not exhibit a deficit with respect to the infrared luminosity and is therefore preferred over the [CII] emission originating in the ionized phase of the ISM as a star formation rate indicator for the normal star-forming galaxies included in this sample.

19 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables

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Cited by in corpus (22)

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• Characterizing the Multi-Phase Origin of [CII] Emission in M101 and NGC 6946 with Velocity Resolved Spectroscopy
• The ALMA-CRISTAL Survey: Spatial extent of [CII] line emission in star-forming galaxies at $z=4-6$
• The origin of the [CII]-deficit in a simulated dwarf galaxies starburst
• Regulating Star Formation in Nearby Dusty Galaxies: Low Photoelectric Efficiencies in the Most Compact Systems
• Diagnosing the interstellar medium of galaxies with far-infrared emission lines I. The [C II] 158 microns line at z~0
• Multi-Phase ISM in the z = 5.7 Hyperluminous Starburst SPT0346-52
• [CII] map of the molecular ring and arms of the spiral galaxy NGC 7331
• The Case for Thermalization as a Contributor to the [CII] Deficit
• The Unusual AGN Host NGC 1266: Evidence for Shocks in a Molecular Gas Rich S0 Galaxy with a Low Luminosity Nucleus
• Infrared fine-structure lines at high redshift
• A Molecular Gas Ring Hidden in the Sombrero Galaxy
• ALMA Observations for CO Emission from Luminous Lyman-break Galaxies at $z=6.0293$-$6.2037$
• Environmental effects in Herschel observations of the ionized carbon content of star forming dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster
• CO(1--0) imaging reveals 10-kiloparsec molecular gas reservoirs around star-forming galaxies at high redshift
• The [NII] 205 $\mu$m line emission from high-z SMGs and QSOs
• Ultra-faint [CII] emission in a redshift = 2 gravitationally-lensed metal-poor dwarf galaxy
• Disentangling emission from star-forming regions in the Magellanic Clouds: Linking [OIII]88 micron and 24 micron
• Full disc [CII] mapping of nearby star-forming galaxies: SOFIA FIFI/LS observations of NGC 3627, NGC 4321, and NGC 6946
• The origin and evolution of the [CII] deficit in HII regions and star-forming molecular clouds
• Tight correlation of star formation with [Ci] and CO lines across cosmic time
• Uncovering the absorbed atomic Universe with the [OI]63um line