Adiabatic hydrodynamization in rapidly-expanding quark-gluon plasma

Abstract

We propose a new scenario characterizing the transition of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in heavy-ion collisions from a highly non-equilibrium state at early times toward a fluid described by hydrodynamics at late times. We develop an analogy to the evolution of a quantum mechanical system that is governed by the instantaneous ground states. In the simplest case, these slow modes are "pre-hydrodynamic" in the sense that they are initially distinct from, but evolve continuously into, hydrodynamic modes. For a class of collision integrals, the pre-hydrodynamic mode represents the angular distribution (in momentum space) of those gluons that carry most of the energy. We illustrate this scenario using a kinetic description of weakly-coupled Bjorken expanding plasma. Rapid longitudinal expansion drives a reduction in the degrees of freedom at early times. In the relaxation time approximation for the collision integral, we show quantitatively that the full kinetic theory evolution is dominated by the pre-hydrodynamic mode. We elaborate on the criterion for the dominance of pre-hydrodynamic slow modes and speculate that adiabatic hydrodynamization may describe the pre-equilibrium behavior of the QGP produced in heavy-ion collisions.

7 pages, 1 figure. Added appendix and updates to match published version

References in corpus (29)

• Computing Quark and Gluon Distribution Functions for Very Large Nuclei
• Green's Functions in the Color Field of a Large Nucleus
• The Intrinsic Glue Distribution at Very Small x
• Derivation of transient relativistic fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation
• Bottom-up thermalization in heavy ion collisions
• New theories of relativistic hydrodynamics in the LHC era
• Hydrodynamics Beyond the Gradient Expansion: Resurgence and Resummation
• Fluid Dynamics far from Local Equilibrium
• Testing viscous and anisotropic hydrodynamics in an exactly solvable case
• The anisotropic non-equilibrium hydrodynamic attractor
• Hydrodynamization in kinetic theory: Transient modes and the gradient expansion
• Beyond the Quantum Adiabatic Approximation: Adiabatic Perturbation Theory
• Fluid dynamics of out of equilibrium boost invariant plasmas
• What attracts to attractors?
• Retarded Correlators in Kinetic Theory: Branch Cuts, Poles and Hydrodynamic Onset Transitions
• Flow in AA and pA as an interplay of fluid-like and non-fluid like excitations
• Analytical attractor and the divergence of the slow-roll expansion in relativistic hydrodynamics
• How does relativistic kinetic theory remember about initial conditions?
• Prescaling and far-from-equilibrium hydrodynamics in the quark-gluon plasma
• Towards the Little Bang Standard Model
• Exact solutions and attractors of higher-order viscous fluid dynamics for Bjorken flow
• Emergence of hydrodynamical behavior in expanding quark-gluon plasmas
• Non-perturbative rheological behavior of a far-from-equilibrium expanding plasma
• Holographic Heavy-Ion Collisions: Analytic Solutions with Longitudinal Flow, Elliptic Flow and Vorticity
• Non-hydrodynamic transport in trapped unitary Fermi gases
• On higher order and anisotropic hydrodynamics for Bjorken and Gubser flows
• Adiabatic perturbation theory: from Landau-Zener problem to quenching through a quantum critical point
• Holography, Hydrodynamization and Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Divergence of the Chapman-Enskog expansion in relativistic kinetic theory

Cited by in corpus (28)

• The Present and Future of QCD
• Hydrodynamic attractors in heavy ion collisions: a review
• Non-conformal attractor in boost-invariant plasmas
• Jet Wake from Linearized Hydrodynamics
• On attractor and fixed points in Bjorken flows
• Hydrodynamic attractors in phase space
• SU(2) Gauge Theory in $2+1$ Dimensions on a Plaquette Chain Obeys the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis
• Hydrodynamization in systems with detailed transverse profiles
• Analytical attractor for Bjorken expansion
• Hydrodynamic Attractors in Ultrarelativistic Nuclear Collisions
• Critical lensing and kurtosis near a critical point in the QCD phase diagram in and out-of-equilibrium
• Scaling and adiabaticity in a rapidly expanding gluon plasma
• Far-from-equilibrium kinetic dynamics of $\lambda {\varphi }^4$ theory in an expanding universe
• Thermal conductivity of evolving quark-gluon plasma in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field
• Far-from-equilibrium attractors for massive kinetic theory in the relaxation time approximation
• Electric field induction in quark-gluon plasma due to thermoelectric effects
• Stability analysis of non-thermal fixed points in longitudinally expanding kinetic theory
• Hydrodynamic attractor in the non-conformal Bjorken flow
• Soft-gluon exchange matters: isotropic screening in QCD kinetic theory
• Thermoelectric effects of an interacting hadron gas in the presence of an external magnetic field
• Adiabatic Hydrodynamization and the Emergence of Attractors: a Unified Description of Hydrodynamization in Kinetic Theory
• Thermoelectric Thomson coefficient of quark-gluon plasma in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field
• Approach to thermalization and hydrodynamics
• Thermoelectric figure of merit and the deconfinement phase transition
• Soret and Dufour effects in hot and dense QCD matter
• Observation of Universal Expansion Anisotropy from Cold Atoms to Hot Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Adiabatic hydrodynamization and quasinormal modes of nonthermal attractors
• Magneto-Thomson and transverse Thomson effects in an interacting hadron gas in the presence of an external magnetic field