An accurate low-redshift measurement of the cosmic neutral hydrogen density

Abstract

Using a spectral stacking technique, we measure the neutral hydrogen (HI) properties of a sample of galaxies at $z<0.11$ across 35 pointings of the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT). The radio data contains 1,895 galaxies with redshifts and positions known from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We carefully quantified the effects of sample bias, aperture used to extract spectra, sidelobes and weighting technique and use our data to provide a new estimate for the cosmic HI mass density. We find a cosmic HI mass density of ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{HI}}=(4.02\pm 0.26)\times 10^{-4}{h}_{70}^{-1}$ at $⟨z⟩=0.066$, consistent with measurements from blind HI surveys and other HI stacking experiments at low redshifts. The combination of the small interferometer beam size and the large survey volume makes our result highly robust against systematic effects due to confusion at small scales and cosmic variance at large scales. Splitting into three sub-samples with $⟨z⟩$ = 0.038, 0.067 and 0.093 shows no significant evolution of the HI gas content at low redshift.

17 pages, 24 figures

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Cited by in corpus (29)

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• HI 21-centimetre emission from an ensemble of galaxies at an average redshift of one
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• Deep Investigation of Neutral Gas Origins (DINGO): HI stacking experiments with early science data
• The physical drivers of the atomic hydrogen-halo mass relation
• The evolution of neutral hydrogen over the past 11 Gyr via HI 21 cm absorption
• Atomic and molecular gas from the epoch of reionization down to redshift 2
• The Arecibo Ultra-Deep Survey
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• The cosmic atomic hydrogen mass density as a function of mass and galaxy hierarchy from spectral stacking
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• The Atomic Hydrogen Content of Galaxies as a function of Group-Centric Radius
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• Observed cosmic evolution of galaxy dust properties with metallicity and tensions with models