Baryon-CDM isocurvature galaxy bias with IllustrisTNG

Abstract

We study the impact that baryon-CDM relative density perturbations ${\delta }_{bc}$ have on galaxy formation using cosmological simulations with the IllustrisTNG model. These isocurvature (non-adiabatic) perturbations can be induced primordially, if multiple fields are present during inflation, and are generated before baryon-photon decoupling when baryons did not comove with CDM. The presence of long-wavelength ${\delta }_{bc}$ perturbations in our simulations is mimicked by modifying the ratios of the cosmic densities of baryons ${\Omega }_b$ and CDM ${\Omega }_c$, at fixed total matter density ${\Omega }_m$. We measure the corresponding galaxy bias parameter $b_{\delta }^{bc}$ as the response of galaxy abundances to ${\delta }_{bc}$. When selecting by total host halo mass, $b_{\delta }^{bc}$ is negative and it decreases with mass and redshift. Stellar-mass selected simulated galaxies show a weaker or even the opposite trend because of the competing effects of ${\delta }_{bc}$ on the halo mass function and stellar-to-halo-mass relations. We show that simple modeling of the latter two effects describes $b_{\delta }^{bc}$ for stellar-mass-selected objects well. We find $b_{\delta }^{bc}=0.6$ for $M_{\ast }=10^{11}{M}_{\odot }/h$ and $z=0.5$, which is representative of BOSS DR12 galaxies. For ${\delta }_{bc}$ modes generated by baryon-photon interactions, we estimate the impact on the DR12 power spectrum to be below $1\%$, and shifts on inferred distance and growth rate parameters should not exceed $0.1\%$.

arXiv comment18 pages (+8 pages with appendices and references); 8 figures; 1 table; comments welcomed. In v2: (i) extended discussion with new figure on the generation of baryon-CDM perturbations; (ii) new figure quantifying the contributions to the bias parameter from changes in the mass function and changes in the stellar-to-halo-mass relations. v3 matches version published in JCAP

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