Re-awakening of GRS 1716--249 after 23 years, observed by {\it Swift}/XRT and {\it NuSTAR}

Abstract

In this work, we present a spectral and temporal analysis of {\it Swift}/XRT and {\it NuSTAR} observations of GRS 1716--249 during its recent 2016--2017 outburst. This low mass X-ray binary underwent an extraordinary outburst after a long quiescence of 23 years, since its last major outburst in 1993. The source was observed over two different epochs during 2017 April, 07 and 10. The best fit joint spectral fitting in the energy range 0.5 $-$ 79.0 keV indicates that the spectrum is best described by relatively cold, weak disk blackbody emission, dominant thermal Comptonization emission, and a relativistically broadened fluorescent iron K$\alpha$ emission line. We observed a clear indication of a Compton hump around 30 keV. We also detected an excess feature of $\sim 1.3$ keV. Assuming a lamp-post geometry of the corona, we constrained the inner disk radius for both observations to 11.92${}_{-11.92}^{+8.62}$ R${}_{ISCO}$ (i.e., an upper limit) and 10.39${}_{-3.02}^{+9.51}$ R${}_{ISCO}$ (where R${}_{ISCO}\equiv$ radius of the innermost stable circular orbit) for the first epoch (E1) and second epoch (E2), respectively. A significant ($\sim 5\sigma$) type$-$C quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) at $1.20\pm 0.04$ Hz is detected for the first time for GRS 1716--249, which drifts to $1.55\pm 0.04$ Hz ($\sim 6\sigma$) at the end of the second observation. The derived spectral and temporal properties show a positive correlation between the QPO frequency and the photon index.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication by MNRAS

References in corpus (55)

• The chemical composition of the Sun
• On the Absorption of X-rays in the Interstellar Medium
• The Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI: Final data release of the combined LDS and IAR surveys with improved stray-radiation corrections
• X-ray Properties of Black-Hole Binaries
• The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) Mission
• Advection-Dominated Accretion and the Spectral States of Black Hole X-Ray Binaries: Application to Nova Muscae 1991
• Modelling the behaviour of accretion flows in X-ray binaries
• Lense-Thirring Precession and QPOs in Low Mass X-Ray Binaries
• Broad-band gamma-ray and X-ray spectra of NGC 4151 and their implications for physical processes and geometry
• Improved Reflection Models of Black-Hole Accretion Disks: Treating the Angular Distribution of X-rays
• The May 1989 outburst of the Soft X-ray Transient GS 2023+338 (V404 Cyg)
• Correlated X-ray Spectral and Timing Behavior of the Black Hole Candidate XTE J1550-564: A New Interpretation of Black Hole States
• Broad iron lines in Active Galactic Nuclei
• X-ray reflected spectra from accretion disk models. III. A complete grid of ionized reflection calculations
• Low frequency QPO spectra and Lense-Thirring precession
• Relativistic X-ray Lines from the Inner Accretion Disks Around Black Holes
• The ABC of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in Black-Hole Candidates: analogies with Z-sources
• A simple test for periodic signals in red noise
• The role of the reflection fraction in constraining black hole spin
• The broad-band power spectra of X-ray binaries
• Calibration of the NuSTAR High Energy Focusing X-ray Telescope
• On the interpretation of the multicolour disc model for black hole candidates
• Stellar-mass Black Hole Spin Constraints from Disk Reflection and Continuum Modeling
• Panchromatic study of GRB 060124: from precursor to afterglow
• A physical model for the continuum variability and QPO in accreting black holes
• Evidence for Harmonic Relationships in the High Frequency QPOs of XTE J1550-564 and GRO J1655-40
• Low frequency oscillations in black holes: a spectral-timing approach to the case of GX 339-4
• Calibration of the Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) instrument on-board AstroSat
• A quasi-periodic modulation of the iron line centroid energy in the black hole binary H 1743-322
• Geometrical constraints on the origin of timing signals from black holes
• High Resolution X-Ray Spectra of Capella: Initial Results from the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer
• Spectral Index and Quasi-Periodic Oscillation Frequency Correlation in Black Hole (BH) Sources: Observational Evidence of Two Phases and Phase Transition in BHs
• NuSTAR and Suzaku observations of the hard state in Cygnus X-1: locating the inner accretion disk
• Correlations between Low-Frequency QPOs and Spectral Parameters in XTE J1550-564 and GRO J1655-40
• Resolving the Composite Fe K-alpha Emission Line in the Galactic Black Hole Cygnus X-1 with Chandra
• No Time for Dead Time: Timing analysis of bright black hole binaries with NuSTAR
• Black hole spin measurements through the relativistic precession model: XTE J1550-564
• Constraints on the Neutron Star and Inner Accretion Flow in Serpens X-1 Using NuSTAR
• Tomographic reflection modelling of quasi-periodic oscillations in the black hole binary H 1743-322
• Phase-resolved spectroscopy of low frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in GRS 1915+105
• Relativistic Distortions in the X-ray Spectrum of Cyg X-1
• Comprehensive Analysis of RXTE Data from Cyg X-1: Spectral Index-Quasi-Periodic Oscillation Frequency-Luminosity Correlations
• Evidence for a Link Between Fe K-alpha Emission Line Strength and QPO Phase in a Black Hole
• Links between quasi-periodic oscillations and accretion states in neutron star low mass X-ray binaries
• AstroSat/LAXPC detection of milli-second phenomena in 4U 1728-34
• The long outburst of the black hole transient GRS 1716-249 observed in the X-ray and radio band
• Testing the performance and accuracy of the RELXILL model for the relativistic X-ray reflection from accretion disks
• X-ray spectral state evolution in IGR J17091-3624 and comparison of its heartbeat oscillation properties with those of GRS 1915+105
• High-redshift blazars through nustar eyes
• Gamma-Ray Spectral State Transitions of GRO J1719-24
• Correlations between X-ray Spectral and Timing Characteristics in Cyg X-2
• MAXI/GSC Discovery of the Black Hole Candidate MAXI J1305-704
• Constraining distance and inclination angle of V4641 Sgr using $SWIFT$ and $NuSTAR$ observations during low soft spectral state
• The NuSTAR View of a QPO Evolution of GRS 1915+105
• Hard X-ray lags in GRO J1719-24

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Discovery of optical outflows and inflows in the black hole candidate GRS 1716-249
• The current state of disk wind observations in BHLMXBs through X-ray absorption lines in the iron band
• The spin of the black hole GRS 1716-249 determined from the hard intermediate state
• Broad-band spectral study of X-ray transient MAXI J1820+070 using Swift/XRT and NuSTAR
• Accretion Flow Properties of GRS 1716-249 during its 2016-17 'failed' Outburst
• X-ray spectral correlations in a sample of Low-mass black hole X-ray binaries in the hard state
• Multi-wavelength view of the galactic black-hole binary GRS 1716-249
• Probing thermonuclear bursts and X-ray reflection features in Aql X-1 during 2024 outburst
• A multi-wavelength study of GRS 1716-249 in outburst : constraints on its system parameters