Orbital Symmetries of Charge Density Wave Order in YBa2Cu3O6+x

Abstract

Charge density wave (CDW) order has been shown to compete and coexist with superconductivity in underdoped cuprates. Theoretical proposals for the CDW order include an unconventional $d$-symmetry form factor CDW, evidence for which has emerged from measurements, including resonant soft x-ray scattering (RSXS) in YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{6+x}$ (YBCO). Here, we revisit RSXS measurements of the CDW symmetry in YBCO, using a variation in the measurement geometry to provide enhanced sensitivity to orbital symmetry. We show that the $(00.31L)$ CDW peak measured at the Cu $L$ edge is dominated by an $s$ form factor rather than a $d$ form factor as was reported previously. In addition, by measuring both $(0.310L)$ and $(00.31L)$ peaks, we identify a pronounced difference in the orbital symmetry of the CDW order along the $a$ and $b$ axes, with the CDW along the $a$ axis exhibiting orbital order in addition to charge order.

17 pages, 4 figures + supplementary information

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• Orbital Ordering in the Charge Density Wave Phases of BaNi${}_2$(As${}_{1-x}$P${}_x$)${}_2$
• Resonant X-Ray Scattering Investigations of Charge Density Wave and Nematic Orders in Cuprate Superconductors