Advances in quantum dense coding

Abstract

Quantum dense coding is one of the most important protocols in quantum communication. It derives from the idea of using quantum resources to boost the communication capacity and now serves as a key primitive across a variety of quantum information protocols. Here, we focus on the basic theoretical ideas behind quantum dense coding, discussing its development history from discrete and continuous variables to quantum networks, then to its variant protocols and applications in quantum secure communication. With this basic background in hand, we then review the main experimental achievements, from photonic qubits and qudits to optical modes, nuclear magnetic resonance, and atomic systems. Besides the state of the art, we finally discuss potential future steps.

arXiv commentAccepted by Advanced Quantum Technologies (Invited review)

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• High-dimensional quantum communication: benefits, progress, and future challenges
• Long-distance entanglement purification for quantum communication
• Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Networks: Mechanics, Enabling Technologies, Challenges, and Research Directions
• Entanglement-Based Quantum Information Technology
• Entanglement-Assisted Communication Surpassing the Ultimate Classical Capacity
• Real-time shaping of entangled photons by classical control and feedback
• Tripartite entanglement: Foundations and applications
• Coherent perfect absorption of quantum light
• All-Fiber Source and Sorter for Multimode Correlated Photons
• Tripartite entanglement measure under local operations and classical communication
• Quantum metrology in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era
• High-speed quantum radio-frequency-over-light communication
• Effects of DM and KSEA interactions on entanglement, Fisher and Wigner-Yanase information correlations of two XYZ-Heisenberg-qubit states under a magnetic field
• Preparation of multiphoton high-dimensional GHZ state
• Computable genuine multimode entanglement measure: Gaussian vs. non-Gaussian
• Deterministic and complete hyperentangled Bell states analysis assisted by frequency and time interval degrees of freedom
• Continuous variable quantum communication with 40 pairs of entangled sideband
• Complete hyperentangled Bell states analysis for polarization-spatial-time-bin degrees of freedom with unity fidelity
• Partial-immunity of two-photon correlation against wavefront distortion for spatially entangled photons
• Generation of multipartite entangled states based on double-longitudinal-mode cavity optomechanial system
• Sequential Reattempt of Telecloning
• Classification and Quantification of Entanglement Through Wedge Product and Geometry
• All multipartite entanglements are quantum coherences in locally distinguishable bases
• Entanglement Dynamics of Two V-type Atoms with Dipole-Dipole Interaction in Dissipative Cavity
• Entanglement generation via single-qubit rotations in a torn Hilbert space
• Witness based nonlinear detection of quantum entanglement
• Correlation between resource-generating capacities of quantum gates
• Entanglement of weighted graphs uncovers transitions in variable-range interacting models
• Error-disturbance uncertainty relations in Faraday measurements
• Distribution of entanglement with variable range interactions
• Dephasing effects on quantum correlations and teleportation in presence of state dependent bath
• Nontraditional Deterministic Remote State Preparation Using a Non-Maximally Entangled Channel without Additional Quantum Resources