The eye of Gaia on globular clusters kinematics: internal rotation

Abstract

We derived the three-dimensional velocities of individual stars in a sample of 62 Galactic globular clusters using proper motions from the second data release of the Gaia mission together with the most comprehensive set of line-of-sight velocities with the aim of investigating the rotation pattern of these stellar systems. We detect the unambiguous signal of rotation in 15 clusters at amplitudes which are well above the level of random and systematic errors. For these clusters, we derived the position and inclination angle of the rotation axis with respect to the line of sight and the overall contribution of rotation to the total kinetic energy budget. The rotation strengths are weakly correlated with the half-mass radius, the relaxation time and anticorrelated with the destruction rate, while no significant alignment of the rotation axes with the orbital poles has been observed. This evidence points toward a primordial origin of the systemic rotation in these stellar systems.

19 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS

References in corpus (14)

• The SAURON project -- X. The orbital anisotropy of elliptical and lenticular galaxies: revisiting the (V/sigma,epsilon) diagram with integral-field stellar kinematics
• Gaia Data Release 1: Catalogue validation
• A stellar census in globular clusters with MUSE: The contribution of rotation to cluster dynamics studied with 200 000 stars
• N-body modeling of globular clusters: Masses, mass-to-light ratios and intermediate-mass black holes
• Halo globular clusters observed with AAOmega: dark matter content, metallicity and tidal heating
• Measuring Consistent Masses for 25 Milky Way Globular Clusters
• Central rotations of Milky Way Globular Clusters
• Hubble Space Telescope Proper Motion (HSTPROMO) Catalogs of Galactic Globular Clusters. V. The rapid rotation of 47 Tuc traced and modeled in three dimensions
• The Rotation of Sub-Populations in omega Centauri
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Kinematics of seven Galactic globular clusters
• Rotation in young massive star clusters
• Kinematical fingerprints of star cluster early dynamical evolution
• A study of rotating globular clusters - the case of the old, metal-poor globular cluster NGC 4372
• The complex kinematics of rotating star clusters in a tidal field

Cited by in corpus (63)

• Gaia EDR3 view on Galactic globular clusters
• Kinematical evolution of multiple stellar populations in star clusters
• A deep view into the nucleus of the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy with MUSE. II. Kinematic characterization of the stellar populations
• Does NGC 6397 contain an intermediate-mass black hole or a more diffuse inner subcluster?
• The impact of stellar evolution on rotating star clusters: the gravothermal-gravogyro catastrophe and the formation of a bar of black holes
• Exploring the outskirts of globular clusters: the peculiar kinematics of NGC 3201
• The orbital anisotropy profiles of nearby globular clusters from Gaia Data Release 2
• Stellar graveyards: Clustering of compact objects in globular clusters NGC 3201 and NGC 6397
• The dynamics of the globular cluster NGC3201 out to the Jacobi radius
• The complex stellar system M 22: confirming abundance variations with high precision differential measurements
• 3D core kinematics of NGC 6362: central rotation in a dynamically evolved globular cluster
• Gaia and Hubble unveil the kinematics of stellar populations in the Type II globular clusters ω Centauri and M 22
• The role of rotation on the formation of second generation stars in globular clusters
• Using Gaia DR2 to detect extratidal structures around the Galactic globular cluster NGC362
• Modeling the kinematics of globular cluster systems
• Dark and luminous mass components of Omega Centauri with stellar kinematics
• The peculiar kinematics of the multiple populations in the globular cluster Messier 80 (NGC 6093)
• A 3D view of multiple populations kinematics in Galactic globular clusters
• Mapping the stability of stellar rotating spheres via linear response theory
• Kinematic differences between multiple populations in Galactic globular clusters
• Detection of open cluster rotation fields from Gaia EDR3 proper motions
• The spin, expansion and contraction of open star clusters
• oMEGACat II -- Photometry and proper motions for 1.4 million stars in Omega Centauri and its rotation in the plane of the sky
• The Rotation of Selected Globular Clusters and the Differential Rotation of M3 in Multiple Populations from the SDSS-IV APOGEE-2 Survey
• Early dynamical evolution of rotating star clusters in a tidal field
• Simulations of globular clusters within their parent galaxies: multiple stellar populations and internal kinematics
• An elusive dark central mass in the globular cluster M4
• Detecting Globular Cluster Tidal Extensions with Bayesian Inference: I. Analysis of $\omega$ Centauri with Gaia EDR3
• Growth of Massive Black-Holes in FFB Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn
• Linking globular cluster structural parameters and their evolution: multiple stellar populations
• Five Stellar Populations in M22 (NGC 6656)
• Internal kinematics and structure of the bulge globular cluster NGC 6569
• The Kinematics of 30 Milky Way Globular Clusters and the Multiple Stellar Populations within
• Central Dynamics of Multi-mass Rotating Star Clusters
• The ESO-VLT MIKiS survey reloaded: exploring the internal kinematics of NGC 6440
• Central kinematics of the Galactic globular cluster M80
• A MeerKAT look at the polarization of 47 Tucanae pulsars: magnetic field implications
• A simple two-component description of energy equipartition and mass segregation for anisotropic globular clusters
• Characterization and dynamics of the peculiar stream Jhelum, A tentative role for the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy
• Dynamics in the outskirts of four Milky Way globular clusters: it's the tides that dominate
• The Kinematic Richness of Star Clusters - II. Stability of Spherical Anisotropic Models with Rotation
• Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the extremely metal-poor globular cluster EXT8 in Messier 31
• Upper limits on the dark matter content in globular clusters
• MUSE narrow field mode observations of the central kinematics of M15
• Unbound stars hold the key to young star cluster history
• Signature of systemic rotation in 21 Galactic Globular Clusters from APOGEE-2
• The proper motion of sub-populations in Omega Centauri
• Multiple Stellar Populations outside the tidal radius of NGC1851 through Gaia DR3 XP Spectra
• Evolution of the disky second generation of stars in globular clusters on cosmological timescale
• A JWST project on 47 Tucanae: kinematics, energy equipartition and anisotropy of multiple populations
• Studying Binary Systems in Omega Centauri with MUSE. I. Detection of Spectroscopic Binaries
• Internal Kinematics of M10 and M71
• Non-resonant relaxation of rotating globular clusters
• Hierarchical Bayesian Inference of Globular Cluster Properties
• Discovery of rotation axis alignments in Milky Way globular clusters
• Testing QUMOND theory with Galactic globular clusters in a weak external field
• Robust ellipticity measurements of 29 Galactic globular clusters
• KRIOS: A new basis-expansion $N$-body code for collisional stellar dynamics
• The Formation of Globular Clusters as a Case of Overcooling
• Right round: onset and long-term evolution of rotation in star clusters
• Evolution towards energy equipartition in star clusters: effects of the tidal field, primordial binaries, and internal velocity anisotropy
• Long-term evolution of multimass rotating star clusters
• The ESO-VLT MIKiS survey reloaded: velocity dispersion profile and rotation curve of NGC 1904