Quantum enhancement of charge density wave in NbS${}_2$ in the 2D limit

Abstract

At ambient pressure, bulk 2H-NbS${}_2$ displays no charge density wave instability at odds with the isostructural and isoelectronic compounds 2H-NbSe${}_2$, 2H-TaS${}_2$ and 2H-TaSe${}_2$, and in disagreement with harmonic calculations. Contradictory experimental results have been reported in supported single layers, as 1H-NbS${}_2$ on Au(111) does not display a charge density wave, while 1H-NbS${}_2$ on 6H-SiC(0001) endures a $3\times 3$ reconstruction. Here, by carrying out quantum anharmonic calculations from first-principles, we evaluate the temperature dependence of phonon spectra in NbS${}_2$ bulk and single layer as a function of pressure/strain. For bulk 2H-NbS${}_2$, we find excellent agreement with inelastic X-ray spectra and demonstrate the removal of charge ordering due to anharmonicity. In the 2D limit, we find an enhanced tendency toward charge density wave order. Freestanding 1H-NbS${}_2$ undergoes a $3\times 3$ reconstruction, in agreement with data on 6H-SiC(0001) supported samples. Moreover, as strains smaller than $0.5\%$ in the lattice parameter are enough to completely remove the $3\times 3$ superstructure, deposition of 1H-NbS${}_2$ on flexible substrates or a small charge transfer via field-effect could lead to devices with dynamical switching on/off of charge order.

References in corpus (3)

• Two Dimensional Atomic Crystals
• Tuning the Charge Density Wave and Superconductivity in CuxTaS2
• Origin of superconductivity and latent charge density wave in NbS${}_2$

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