Experiment to detect dark energy forces using atom interferometry

Abstract

The accelerated expansion of the universe motivates a wide class of scalar field theories that modify gravity on large scales. In regions where the weak field limit of General Relativity has been confirmed by experiment, such theories need a screening mechanism to suppress the new force. We have measured the acceleration of an atom toward a macroscopic test mass inside a high vacuum chamber, where the new force is unscreened in some theories. Our measurement, made using atom interferometry, shows that the attraction between atoms and the test mass does not differ appreciably from Newtonian gravity. This result places stringent limits on the free parameters in chameleon and symmetron theories of modified gravity.

6 pages, 4 figures

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• Realization of a complete Stern-Gerlach interferometer: Towards a test of quantum gravity
• ELGAR -- a European Laboratory for Gravitation and Atom-interferometric Research
• Precision Gravity Tests and the Einstein Equivalence Principle
• Testing Screened Modified Gravity
• All-Optical Bose-Einstein Condensates in Microgravity
• Massive quantum systems as interfaces of quantum mechanics and gravity
• Challenging theories of dark energy with levitated force sensor
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• Constraining scalar-tensor theories by neutron star-balck hole gravitational wave events
• Tests of Fundamental Quantum Mechanics and Dark Interactions with Low Energy Neutrons -- Extended Version
• Measuring gravitational time dilation with delocalized quantum superpositions
• A scalable high-performance magnetic shield for Very Long Baseline Atom Interferometry
• The Classical Symmetron Force in Casimir Experiments
• Coherence limits in lattice atom interferometry at the one-minute scale
• Screened Scalar Fields in the Laboratory and the Solar System
• Lensing with generalized symmetrons
• Absolute neutrino mass and the Dirac/Majorana distinction from the weak interaction of aggregate matter
• Next generation design and prospects for CANNEX
• Optimal Floquet Engineering for Large Scale Atom Interferometers
• Weighing massive neutron star with screening gravity: A look on PSR J0740+6620 and GW190814 secondary component
• A general study of chameleon fifth force in gravity space experiments
• Gravity Resonance Spectroscopy and Dark Energy Symmetron Fields
• Dilaton-induced open quantum dynamics
• Constraining Screened Modified Gravity by Space-borne Gravitational-wave Detectors
• Gravitational Waveform and Polarization from Binary Black Hole Inspiral in Dynamical Chern-Simons Gravity: From Generation to Propagation
• Probing New Physics with Long-Range Neutrino Interactions: An Effective Field Theory Approach
• Atom interferometry with coherent enhancement of Bragg pulse sequences
• SELCIE: A tool for investigating the chameleon field of arbitrary sources
• Constraints on chameleon gravity from the measurement of the electrostatic stiffness of the MICROSCOPE mission accelerometers
• Constraining modified gravity with quantum optomechanics
• Fifth-Force Screening around Extremely Compact Sources
• Fifth force induced by a chameleon field on nested cylinders
• Quantum-enhanced screened dark energy detection
• Constraining symmetron dark energy using atom interferometry
• Charged Dark Matter and the $H_0$ tension
• Technologies for the ELGAR large scale atom interferometer array
• A viable form of the metric Teleparallel F(T) theory of gravity
• Signatures of linearized gravity in atom interferometers: A simplified computational framework
• Solar chameleons: Novel channels
• Testing screened modified gravity with SDSS-IV-MaNGA
• Scalar-Mediated Quantum Forces Between Macroscopic Bodies and Interferometry
• Chameleon Screening in Cosmic Voids
• Effects of a scalar fifth force on the dynamics of a charged particle as a new experimental design to test chameleon theories
• Gravitational Radiation from Eccentric Binary Black Hole System in Dynamical Chern-Simons Gravity
• Casimir Tests of Scalar-Tensor Theories
• Atom interferometer as a freely falling clock for time-dilation measurements
• Frequency shifts induced by light scalar fields
• Massive graviton dark matter searches with long-baseline atom interferometers
• Obtaining a scalar fifth force via a broken-symmetry couple between the scalar field and matter
• Testing screened scalar-tensor theories of gravity with atomic clocks
• Reconstructing modified and alternative theories of gravity
• Dynamical Casimir effect with screened scalar fields
• Constraints on the ghost-free parity-violating gravity from Laser-ranged Satellites
• Perspectives on fundamental cosmology from Low Earth Orbit and the Moon
• Atom-field dynamics in curved spacetime
• Field-gradient measurement using a Stern-Gerlach atomic interferometer with butterfly geometry
• Could trapped quintessence account for the laser-detuning-dependent acceleration of cold atoms in varying-frequency time-of-flight experiments?
• Re-evaluation of ${\Omega }_k$ of the normalised Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker model: Implications for Hubble constant determinations
• Constraining the modified friction in gravitational wave propagation with precessing black hole binaries
• Quantum and thermal pressures from light scalar fields
• Quantum sensors with matter waves for GW observation
• Cold Atoms in Space: Community Workshop Summary and Proposed Road-Map
• Chameleon-neutrino conformal coupling and MSW-mediated solar neutrino deficit
• Equivalence of scalar-tensor theories and scale-dependent gravity
• Chameleon Screening Depends on the Shape and Structure of NFW Halos
• Cosmological Constant from Boundary Condition and Its Implications beyond the Standard Model
• Imprints of vector field non-standard couplings on solar neutrino flux
• Multi-parameter Tests of General Relativity Using Bayesian Parameter Estimation with Principal Component Analysis for LISA
• Dark energy without fine tuning
• Mapping the Weak-Field Limit of Scalar-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
• A fibered laser system for the MIGA large scale atom interferometer
• An atomic Fabry-Perot interferometer-based acceleration sensor for microgravity environments
• Wavefront Mapping for Absolute Atom Interferometry
• Quantum corrections to symmetron fifth-force profiles
• Tutorial: Current controllers for optimizing laser cooling on cold atom experiments
• Antimatter Free-Fall Experiments and Charge Asymmetry
• Bose-Einstein condensates in microgravity and fundamental tests of gravity
• Use of Redshifts as Evidence of Dark Energy
• Phase modulation detection of a strontium atom interferometer gyroscope
• Doppler Compensated Cavity For Atom Interferometry
• Quantum Physics in Space