Universal scaling of the sigma field and net-protons from Langevin dynamics of model A

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the Kibble-Zurek scaling of the sigma field and net-protons within the framework of Langevin dynamics of model A. After determining the characteristic scales ${\tau }_{kz},l_{kz}$ and ${\theta }_{kz}$ and properly rescaling the traditional cumulants, we construct universal functions for the sigma field and approximate universal functions for net-protons in the critical regime, which are insensitive to the relaxation time and the chosen evolving trajectory. Besides, the oscillating behavior for the higher order cumulants of net-protons near the critical point is also drastically suppressed, which converge into approximate universal curves with these constructed Kibble-Zurek functions.

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• Dynamical exploring the QCD matter at finite temperatures and densities-a short review
• Dynamical critical fluctuations near the QCD critical point with hydrodynamic cooling rate
• Kibble-Zurek Scaling in a Holographic p-wave Superconductor
• Nonuniform-temperature effects on the phase transition in an Ising-like model
• Non-equilibrium cumulants within model A from crossover to first-order phase transition side
• Investigations into the characteristics and influences of nonequilibrium evolution
• Partonic Critical Opalescence and Its Impact on the Jet Quenching Parameter $\hat{q}$