Robust optical clock transitions in trapped ions

Abstract

We present a novel method for engineering an optical clock transition that is robust against external field fluctuations and is able to overcome limits resulting from field inhomogeneities. The technique is based on the application of continuous driving fields to form a pair of dressed states essentially free of all relevant shifts. Specifically, the clock transition is robust to magnetic shifts, quadrupole and other tensor shifts, and amplitude fluctuations of the driving fields. The scheme is applicable to either a single ion or an ensemble of ions, and is relevant for several types of ions, such as ${}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$, ${}^{88}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}$, ${}^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ and ${}^{176}{\mathrm{Lu}}^{+}$. Taking a spherically symmetric Coulomb crystal formed by 400 ${}^{40}{\mathrm{Ca}}^{+}$ ions as an example, we show through numerical simulations that the inhomogeneous linewidth of tens of Hertz in such a crystal together with linear Zeeman shifts of order 10~MHz are reduced to form a linewidth of around 1~Hz. We estimate a two-order-of-magnitude reduction in averaging time compared to state-of-the art single ion frequency references, assuming a probe laser fractional instability of $10^{-15}$. Furthermore, a statistical uncertainty reaching $2.9\times 10^{-16}$ in 1~s is estimated for a cascaded clock scheme in which the dynamically decoupled Coulomb crystal clock stabilizes the interrogation laser for an ${}^{27}{\mathrm{Al}}^{+}$ clock.

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Cited by in corpus (13)

• A quantum network of entangled optical atomic clocks
• Suppressing inhomogeneous broadening in a lutetium multi-ion optical clock
• Precision measurements on the ${}^{138}$Ba${}^{+}$ $6s^2{S}_{1/2}-5d^2{D}_{5/2}$ clock transition
• Prospects of a Pb${}^{2+}$ ion clock
• Coherent suppression of tensor frequency shifts through magnetic field rotation
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• GHZ protocols enhance frequency metrology despite spontaneous decay
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• Energy localization in interacting atomic chains with topological solitons
• Harmonic dual dressing of spin one-half systems
• High-accuracy multi-ion spectroscopy with mixed-species Coulomb crystals
• Bayesian Frequency Metrology with Optimal Ramsey Interferometry in Optical Atomic Clocks