Spin-stress and spin-strain coupling in diamond-based hybrid spin oscillator systems

Abstract

Hybrid quantum systems, which combine quantum-mechanical systems with macroscopic mechanical oscillators, have attracted increasing interest as they are well suited as high-performance sensors or transducers in quantum computers. A promising candidate is based on diamond cantilevers, whose motion is coupled to embedded Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers through crystal deformation. Even though this type of coupling has been investigated intensively in the past, several inconsistencies exist in available literature, and no complete and consistent theoretical description has been given thus far. To clarify and resolve these issues, we here develop a complete and consistent formalism to describe the coupling between the NV spin degree of freedom and crystal deformation in terms of stress, defined in the crystal coordinate system XYZ, and strain, defined in the four individual NV reference frames. We find that the stress-based approach is straightforward, yields compact expressions for stress-induced level shifts and therefore constitutes the preferred approach to be used in future advances in the field. In contrast, the strain-based formalism is much more complicated and requires extra care when transforming into the employed NV reference frames. Furthermore, we illustrate how the developed formalism can be employed to extract values for the spin-stress and spin-strain coupling constants from data published by Teissier et al..

arXiv comment14 pages, 3 figures; SOM available for download under https://quantum-sensing.physik.unibas.ch/publications/research-articles.html

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• Diamond Integrated Quantum Photonics: A Review
• NV-Diamond Magnetic Microscopy using a Double Quantum 4-Ramsey Protocol
• Probing local pressure environment in anvil cells with nitrogen vacancy (NV-) centers in diamond
• High-precision mapping of diamond crystal strain using quantum interferometry
• Dynamic ${}^{14}\mathrm{N}$ nuclear spin polarization in nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• (111)-oriented, single crystal diamond tips for nanoscale scanning probe imaging of out-of-plane magnetic fields
• Determination of Intrinsic Effective Fields and Microwave Polarizations by High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Single NV Center Spins
• Spectroscopy Study on NV Sensors in Diamond-based High-pressure Devices
• Directional Detection of Dark Matter Using Solid-State Quantum Sensing
• Proposal for the search for new spin interactions at the micrometer scale using diamond quantum sensors
• Spin-strain coupling in nanodiamonds
• Imaging the Meissner Effect and Flux Trapping of Superconductors under High Pressure using N-V Centers
• In-Situ Studies of Stress Environment in Amorphous Solids Using Negatively Charged Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Nanodiamond
• GPa Pressure Imaging Using Nanodiamond Quantum Sensors
• Magnetoacoustic Resonance to Probe Quadrupole-Strain Coupling in a Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Center as a Spin-Triplet System
• High-fidelity State Transfer Between Leaky Quantum Memories
• Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Epitaxial Laterally Overgrown Diamond: Towards Up-scaling of Color Center-based Quantum Technologies
• NV microscopy of thermally controlled stresses caused by Cr${}_2$O${}_3$ thin films
• Widefield quantum microscopy with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: strengths, limitations, and prospects
• Theory of Spin-Acoustic Resonance for Spin-3/2 Si Vacancy with $C_{3v}$ Site Symmetry in Silicon Carbide
• Theory of Field-Angle-Resolved Magnetoacoustic Resonance in Spin-Triplet Systems for Application to Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Widefield NV Magnetic Field Reconstruction for Probing the Meissner Effect and Critical Current Density under Pressure
• Principles and Techniques of the Quantum Diamond Microscope