Collective excitations in spin-1/2 magnets through bond-operator formalism designed both for paramagnetic and ordered phases

Abstract

We present a bond-operator theory (BOT) suitable for description both magnetically ordered phases and paramagnetic phases with singlet ground states in spin-1/2 magnets. Proposed BOT provides a regular expansion of physical quantities in powers of 1/n, where n is the maximum number of bosons which can occupy a unit cell (physical results correspond to n=1). Two variants of BOT are suggested: for two and for four spins in the unit cell (two-spin and four-spin BOTs, respectively). We consider spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet (HAF) on simple square lattice bilayer by the two-spin BOT. Ground-state energy E, staggered magnetization M, and quasiparticles spectra found within the first order in 1/n are in good quantitative agreement with previous results both in paramagnetic and in ordered phases not very close to the quantum critical point between the phases. By doubling the unit cell in two directions, we discuss spin-1/2 HAF on square lattice using the suggested four-spin BOT. Magnon spectrum, E, and M found in the first order in 1/n are in good quantitative agreement with previous numerical and experimental results. We observe a special moderately damped spin-0 quasiparticle ("singlon" for short) whose energy is smaller than the energy of the Higgs mode in the most part of the Brillouin zone. By considering HAF with Izing-type anisotropy, we find that both Higgs and "singlon" modes stem from two-magnon bound states which merge with two-magnon continuum not far from the isotropic limit. We demonstrate that "singlons" appear explicitly in "scalar" correlators one of which describes the Raman intensity in $B_{1g}$ symmetry. The latter is expressed in the leading order in 1/n via the "singlon" Green's function at zero momentum which shows an asymmetric peak. The position of this peak coincides with the position of "two-magnon" peak observed experimentally in, e.g., layered cuprates.

22 pages, 11 figures

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Cited by in corpus (10)

• Elementary excitations in the ordered phase of spin-1/2 J1-J2 model on square lattice
• Novel elementary excitations in spin-1/2 antiferromagnets on the triangular lattice
• Unusual dynamics of spin-1/2 antiferromagnets on the triangular lattice in magnetic field
• Multiple magnon modes in spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on simple square lattice in strong magnetic field
• Dynamics of spin-1/2 $J_1$-$J_2$ model on the triangular lattice
• Exact staggered dimer ground state and its stability in a two-dimensional magnet
• Spin dynamics in the square-lattice cupola system Ba(TiO)Cu${}_4$(PO${}_4$)${}_4$
• Breakdown of the conventional spin-wave dynamics and its double-constraint modification in the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ triangular-prism Heisenberg antiferromagnet
• Frequency dependence of temporal spin stiffness and short-range magnetic order in the doped two-dimensional Hubbard model
• Elementary excitations in undoped layered cuprates