Quantum and classical criticality in a dimerized quantum antiferromagnet

Abstract

A quantum critical point (QCP) is a singularity in the phase diagram arising due to quantum mechanical fluctuations. The exotic properties of some of the most enigmatic physical systems, including unconventional metals and superconductors, quantum magnets, and ultracold atomic condensates, have been related to the importance of the critical quantum and thermal fluctuations near such a point. However, direct and continuous control of these fluctuations has been difficult to realize, and complete thermodynamic and spectroscopic information is required to disentangle the effects of quantum and classical physics around a QCP. Here we achieve this control in a high-pressure, high-resolution neutron scattering experiment on the quantum dimer material TlCuCl3. By measuring the magnetic excitation spectrum across the entire quantum critical phase diagram, we illustrate the similarities between quantum and thermal melting of magnetic order. We prove the critical nature of the unconventional longitudinal ("Higgs") mode of the ordered phase by damping it thermally. We demonstrate the development of two types of criticality, quantum and classical, and use their static and dynamic scaling properties to conclude that quantum and thermal fluctuations can behave largely independently near a QCP.

6 pages, 4 figures. Original version, published version available from Nature Physics website

References in corpus (21)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Fermi-liquid instabilities at magnetic quantum phase transitions
• Bose-Einstein Condensation in Magnetic Insulators
• Realization of Bose-Einstein condensation of dilute magnons in TlCuCl${}_3$
• Short-range quantum magnetism of ultracold fermions in an optical lattice
• The `Higgs' Amplitude Mode at the Two-Dimensional Superfluid-Mott Insulator Transition
• Quantum Magnets under Pressure: Controlling Elementary Excitations in TlCuCl3
• Magnetically driven superconductivity in CeCu2Si2
• Field- and pressure-induced magnetic quantum phase transitions in TlCuCl_3
• Visibility of the Amplitude (Higgs) Mode in Condensed Matter
• Quantum critical behavior of ultracold atoms in two-dimensional optical lattices
• Spectral functions of the Higgs mode near two-dimensional quantum critical points
• A Novel Longitudinal Mode in the Coupled Quantum Chain Compound KCuF3
• Antiferromagnetic criticality at a heavy-fermion quantum phase transition
• Complete bond-operator theory of the two-chain spin ladder
• Double-layer Heisenberg antiferromagnet at finite temperature: Brueckner Theory and Quantum Monte Carlo simulations
• Quantum Statistics of Interacting Dimer Spin Systems
• Width of the longitudinal magnon in the vicinity of the O(3) quantum critical point
• Pressure-Induced Successive Magnetic Phase Transitions in the Spin Gap System TlCuCl${}_3$
• Universal Neel Temperature in Three-Dimensional Quantum Antiferromagnets
• Universal Finite Temperature Properties of a Three Dimensional Quantum Antiferromagnet in the Vicinity of a Quantum Critical Point

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