Center-of-mass angular momentum and memory effect in asymptotically flat spacetimes
arXiv:1807.08767 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.064032
Abstract
Gravitational-wave (GW) memory effects are constant changes in the GW strain and its time integrals, which are closely connected to changes in the charges that characterize asymptotically flat spacetimes. The first GW memory effect discovered was a lasting change in the GW strain. It can occur when GWs or massless fields carry away 4-momentum from an isolated source. Subsequently, it was shown that fluxes of intrinsic angular momentum can generate a new type of memory effect called the spin memory, which is an enduring change in a portion of the time integral of the GW strain. In this paper, we note that there is another new type of memory effect. We call it the center-of-mass (CM) memory effect, because it is related to changes in the CM part of the angular momentum of a spacetime. We first examine a few properties of the CM angular momentum. Specifically, we describe how it transforms under the supertranslation symmetry transformations of the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs group, and we compute a new expression for the flux of CM angular momentum carried by GWs in terms of a set of radiative multipole moments of the GW strain. We then turn to the CM memory effect. The CM memory effect appears in a quantity which has units of the time integral of the GW strain. We define the effect in asymptotically flat spacetimes that start in a stationary state, radiate, and settle to a different stationary state. We show that it is invariant under infinitesimal supertranslation symmetries in this context. To determine the magnitude of the flux of CM angular momentum and the CM memory effect, we compute these quantities for nonspinning, quasicircular compact binaries in the post-Newtonian approximation. The CM memory effect arises from terms in the gravitational waveform for such binaries beginning at third and fourth post-Newtonian order for unequal- and equal-mass binaries, respectively. [Abstract abridged]
v2: 26 pages; updated to match version published in Phys. Rev. D
References in corpus (11)
- GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
- GW170814: A Three-Detector Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Coalescence
- Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
- GW170608: Observation of a 19-solar-mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence
- Exploring the Sensitivity of Next Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors
- Asymptotic symmetries and subleading soft graviton theorem
- New symmetries for the Gravitational S-matrix
- Gravitational Recoil during Binary Black Hole Coalescence using the Effective One Body Approach
- Center-of-Mass Equations of Motion and Conserved Integrals of Compact Binary Systems at the Fourth Post-Newtonian Order
- Binary black hole merger: symmetry and the spin expansion
- On the ambiguity in the notion of transverse traceless modes of gravitational waves
Cited by in corpus (57)
- New Horizons for Fundamental Physics with LISA
- Superboost transitions, refraction memory and super-Lorentz charge algebra
- Generalized BMS charge algebra
- The Poincaré and BMS flux-balance laws with application to binary systems
- Computation of Displacement and Spin Gravitational Memory in Numerical Relativity
- Adding Gravitational Memory to Waveform Catalogs using BMS Balance Laws
- Outlook for detecting the gravitational wave displacement and spin memory effects with current and future gravitational wave detectors
- Persistent gravitational wave observables: general framework
- Sub-subleading Soft Graviton Theorem from Asymptotic Einstein's Equations
- Gravity from symmetry: Duality and impulsive waves
- Conservation and Integrability in Lower-Dimensional Gravity
- Multipole Expansion of Gravitational Waves: from Harmonic to Bondi coordinates
- Brans-Dicke theory in Bondi-Sachs form: Asymptotically flat solutions, asymptotic symmetries and gravitational-wave memory effects
- Gravitational memory effects and Bondi-Metzner-Sachs symmetries in scalar-tensor theories
- Gravitational-wave memory effects in Brans-Dicke theory: Waveforms and effects in the post-Newtonian approximation
- Persistent gravitational wave observables: Curve deviation in asymptotically flat spacetimes
- Gravitational breathing memory and dual symmetries
- A Review of Gravitational Memory and BMS Frame Fixing in Numerical Relativity
- Infinite towers of supertranslation and superrotation memories
- The Precession Caused by Gravitational Waves
- Flux-balance equations for linear momentum and center-of-mass position of self-gravitating post-Newtonian systems
- Inferring fundamental spacetime symmetries with gravitational-wave memory: from LISA to the Einstein Telescope
- Coulombic contribution to the flux of angular momentum in general relativity
- Detecting the gravitational wave memory effect with TianQin
- Gravitational memory effects in Chern-Simons modified gravity
- Multipole expansion of gravitational waves: memory effects and Bondi aspects
- Metric reconstruction from celestial multipoles
- Symmetry group at future null infinity I: Scalar theory
- Affine-null metric formulation of General Relativity at two intersecting null hypersurfaces
- "Conserved charges" of the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs algebra in the Brans-Dicke theory
- Analyzing Gravitational Waves with General Relativity
- Conserved charges in Chern-Simons modified theory and memory effects
- Celestial charges and the subleading structure of asymptotically-flat spacetimes
- Gravitational memory effects and higher derivative actions
- Memory effects from holonomies
- Gravitational memory effects in Brans-Dicke theory
- Gravitational wave memory of compact binary coalescence in the presence of matter effects
- Higher memory effects and the post-Newtonian calculation of their gravitational-wave signals
- On the Various Extensions of the BMS Group
- Survey of gravitational wave memory in intermediate mass ratio binaries
- Gravitational radiation reaction for compact binary systems at the fourth-and-a-half post-Newtonian order
- Persistent gravitational wave observables: Nonlinearities in (non-)geodesic deviation
- Kerr Black Holes and Nonlinear Radiation Memory
- Infrared Effects in the Late Stages of Black Hole Evaporation
- Definitions of (super) angular momentum in asymptotically flat spacetimes: Properties and applications to compact-binary mergers
- Fundamental Physics and Cosmology with TianQin
- Higher Memory Effects in Numerical Simulations of Binary Black Hole Mergers
- Memory Effect of Gravitational Wave Pulses in PP-Wave Spacetimes
- Gravitational wave memory and its effects on particles and fields
- Gravitational-wave memory effects in the Damour-Esposito-Farèse extension of Brans-Dicke theory
- Detectability of Gravitational-Wave Memory with LISA: A Bayesian Approach
- On the Definition of the Spin Charge in Asymptotically-Flat Spacetimes
- Asymptotic Higher Spin Symmetries II: Noether Realization in Gravity
- Double-soft limit and celestial shadow OPE from charge bracket
- On the Gravitational Precession Memory Effect for an Ensemble of Gyroscopes
- The Gravitational Wave Memory from Binary Neutron Star Mergers
- Temporal vs Spatial Conservation and Memory Effect in Electrodynamics