Memory effects from holonomies

Abstract

We provide a uniform treatment of electromagnetic and gravitational memory effects, based on the gravito-electromagnetic formulation of GR and a generalization of the geodesic deviation equation. This allows us to find novel results: in gauge theory, we derive relativistic corrections to the well-known kick memory observable, and a general expression for the displacement memory observable, typically overlooked in the literature. In GR, we find relativistic corrections to displacement and kick memory observables. In both theories, we find novel radial memory effects. Next, we show that electromagnetic and gravitational memory observables can be formulated in terms of certain holonomies on a holographic screen in asymptotically flat spacetimes. In gauge theory, the displacement and kick memory effects form a Hamiltonian vector field which is canonically generated by a Wilson loop. In the first order formulation of GR, we show that the holonomy naturally splits into translational and Lorentz parts. While the former encodes the leading and subleading displacement and kick memory observables, the latter reproduces the gyroscopic memory effect.

17 pages, 2 figures, Major revision of v3, including relativistic corrections to displacement and kick memory effects

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Cited by in corpus (6)

• Persistent gravitational wave observables: Nonlinearities in (non-)geodesic deviation
• Shallow Water Memory: Stokes and Darwin Drifts
• Gyroscopic Gravitational Memory from quasi-circular binary systems
• Electromagnetic memory in arbitrary curved space-times
• Asymptotic Higher Spin Symmetries II: Noether Realization in Gravity
• On the Gravitational Precession Memory Effect for an Ensemble of Gyroscopes