Motion transduction with thermo-mechanically squeezed graphene resonator modes

Abstract

There is a recent surge of interest in amplification and detection of tiny motion in the growing field of opto and electro mechanics. Here, we demonstrate widely tunable, broad bandwidth and high gain all-mechanical motion amplifiers based on graphene/Silicon Nitride (SiNx) hybrids. In these devices, a tiny motion of a large-area SiNx membrane is transduced to a much larger motion in a graphene drum resonator coupled to SiNx. Furthermore, the thermal noise of graphene is reduced (squeezed) through parametric tension modulation. The parameters of the amplifier are measured by photothermally actuating SiNx and interferometrically detecting graphene displacement. We obtain displacement power gain of 38 dB and demonstrate 4.7 dB of squeezing resulting in a detection sensitivity of 3.8 fm per square root Hz, close to the thermal noise limit of SiNx.

arXiv comment7 pages, 4 figures and supplementary information

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Cited by in corpus (12)

• Nanomechanical Resonators: Toward Atomic Scale
• Nanoelectromechanical Sensors based on Suspended 2D Materials
• Dynamics of 2D Material Membranes
• Giant Tunable Mechanical Nonlinearity in Graphene-Silicon Nitride Hybrid Resonator
• Tunable graphene phononic crystal
• Nanomechanical spectroscopy of 2D materials
• Electrically-tunable graphene nanomechanical resonators
• Mechanical mode imaging of a high-Q hybrid hBN/Si${}_3$N${}_4$ resonator
• Deep noise squeezing in parametrically driven resonators
• Observation of tunable discrete time crystalline phases
• Tunable coupling of two mechanical resonators by a graphene membrane
• Tunable parametric amplification of a graphene nanomechanical resonator in the nonlinear regime