A reappraisal of constraints on $Z^{\prime }$ models from unitarity and direct searches at the LHC

Abstract

In a truly model-independent approach, we reexamine a minimal extension of the Standard Model (SM) through the introduction of an additional $U(1)$ symmetry leading to a new neutral gauge boson ($Z^{\prime }$), allowing its kinetic mixing with the hypercharge gauge boson. An SM neutral scalar is used to spontaneously break this extra symmetry leading to the mass of the $Z^{\prime }$. Except for three right-handed neutrinos no other fermions are added. We use the current LHC Drell-Yan data to put model-independent constraints in the parameter space of three quantities, namely, $M_{Z^{\prime }}$, the $Z$-$Z^{\prime }$ mixing angle (${\alpha }_z$) and the extra $U(1)$ effective gauge coupling ($g_x^{\prime }$), which absorb all model dependence. We impose additional constraints from unitarity and low energy neutrino-electron scattering. However, limits extracted from direct searches turn out to be most stringent. We obtain $M_{Z^{\prime }}>4.4$ TeV and $|{\alpha }_z|<0.001$ at $95\%$ C.L., when the strength of the additional $U(1)$ gauge coupling is the same as that of the SM $SU(2{)}_L$.

arXiv commentv3: Minor updates. Version accepted for publication in PRD

References in corpus (62)

• New parton distribution functions from a global analysis of quantum chromodynamics
• Bounds on Universal Extra Dimensions
• The Physics of Heavy Z' Gauge Bosons
• Electroweak symmetry breaking from dimensional deconstruction
• RS1, Custodial Isospin and Precision Tests
• The Phenomenology of Extra Neutral Gauge Bosons
• Z-prime Gauge Bosons at the Tevatron
• Semilocal and Electroweak Strings
• Little Higgs Models and Their Phenomenology
• Implications of Generalized Z-Z' Mixing
• Dissipative hidden sector dark matter
• Search for new high-mass phenomena in the dilepton final state using 36 fb${}^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Search for additional heavy neutral Higgs and gauge bosons in the ditau final state produced in 36 fb${}^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Improved Constraints on Z' Bosons from Electroweak Precision Data
• Simplified Dark Matter Models for the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess
• A Stueckelberg Extension of the Standard Model
• Implications of Abelian Extended Gauge Structures From String Models
• Leptophobic U(1)'s and the R_b - R_c Crisis
• The minimal B-L model naturally realized at TeV scale
• Dynamical Supersymmetry Breaking
• Characterising dark matter searches at colliders and direct detection experiments: Vector mediators
• Benchmarks for Dark Matter Searches at the LHC
• Search for physics beyond the standard model in dilepton mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Left-handed Z' and Z FCNC quark couplings facing new b -> s mu^+ mu^- data
• On minimal Z' explanations of the B->K*mu+mu- anomaly
• Search for high-mass resonances in dilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Z' physics with early LHC data
• Z'_{B-L} discovery potential at the LHC for \sqrt{s}=7 TeV
• (In)visible Z' and dark matter
• Topflavor: A Separate SU(2) for the Third Family
• Minimal Z' models: present bounds and early LHC reach
• The windows for kinetically mixed Z'-mediated dark matter and the galactic center gamma ray excess
• Diurnal modulation signal from dissipative hidden sector dark matter
• Neutrino-Electron Scattering: General Constraints on Z' and Dark Photon Models
• Coherent Elastic Neutrino Nucleus Scattering (CE$\nu$NS) as a probe of $Z^{\prime }$ through kinetic and mass mixing effects
• $Z_{BL}^{\prime }$ portal dark matter and LHC Run-2 results
• Z' Phenomenology and the LHC
• NLO+NLL Collider Bounds, Dirac Fermion and Scalar Dark Matter in the B-L Model
• New Constraints (and Motivations) for Abelian Gauge Bosons in the MeV-TeV Mass Range
• $Z^{\prime }$-portal right-handed neutrino dark matter in the minimal U(1)${}_X$ extended Standard Model
• The Stueckelberg Z Prime at the LHC: Discovery Potential, Signature Spaces and Model Discrimination
• Light Z' Bosons at the Tevatron
• Measuring Z' couplings at the LHC
• Extra U(1) as natural source of a monochromatic gamma ray line
• Constraining minimal anomaly free $\mathrm{U}(1)$ extensions of the Standard Model
• Finding Z' bosons coupled preferentially to the third family at CERN LEP and the Fermilab Tevatron
• $Z^{\prime }$, Higgses and heavy neutrinos in $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ models: from the LHC to the GUT scale
• Confronting electroweak precision measurements with New Physics models
• Modified Higgs couplings and unitarity violation
• SU(5)$\times$U(1)${}_X$ grand unification with minimal seesaw and $Z^{\prime }$-portal dark matter
• Phenomenology of $E_6$-Inspired Leptophobic $Z^{\prime }$ Boson at the LHC
• Perturbative generation of theta_{13} from tribimaximal neutrino mixing
• Non-minimal quartic inflation in classically conformal U(1)${}_X$ extended Standard Model
• LHC signatures of a Z' mediator between dark matter and the SU(3) sector
• Loopholes in $Z^{\prime }$ searches at the LHC: exploring supersymmetric and leptophobic scenarios
• Perturbative unitarity constraints on general W' models and collider implications
• On the phenomenology of a Z' coupling only to third-family fermions
• $Z^{\prime }$ portal dark matter in the minimal $B-L$ model
• Remarks on the Z' Drell-Yan cross section
• Minimal non-universal EW extensions of the Standard Model: a chiral multi-parameter solution
• Longitudinal Weak Gauge Bosons Scattering in Hidden Z' Models
• Influence of the $Z-Z^{\prime }$ mixing on the $Z^{\prime }$ production cross section in the model-independent approach

Cited by in corpus (21)

• Minimal Dirac Neutrino Mass Models from $U(1{)}_R$ Gauge Symmetry and Left-Right Asymmetry at Colliders
• Gauging the accidental symmetries of the Standard Model, and implications for the flavour anomalies
• $Z^{\prime }$ Portal Dark Matter in $B-L$ Scotogenic Dirac Model
• Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter from gauged $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ symmetry
• Tri-hypercharge: a separate gauged weak hypercharge for each fermion family as the origin of flavour
• Updated constraints on $Z^{\prime }$ and $W^{\prime }$ bosons decaying into bosonic and leptonic final states using the Run 2 ATLAS data
• Displaced Searches for Light Vector Bosons at Belle II
• Study of semileptonic decays $B\to \pi l^{+}{l}^{-}$ and $B\to \rho l^{+}{l}^{-}$ in non-universal Z' model
• $E_6$ Motivated UMSSM Confronts Experimental Data
• High-precision limits on $W$-$W^{\prime }$ and $Z$-$Z^{\prime }$ mixing from diboson production using the full LHC Run 2 ATLAS data set
• A Radiative Neutrino Mass Model in Dark Non-Abelian Gauge Symmetry
• Phenomenology of an $E_6$ inspired extension of Standard Model: Higgs sector
• Fermiophobic gauge boson phenomenology in 221 Models
• Investigation of rare semileptonic $B_c$ decays into $(D_{(}s,d{)}^{(}(\ast ))){\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays with non-universal $Z^{\prime }$ effect
• Complementary bound on $W^{\prime }$ mass from Higgs to diphoton decay
• Radiative Interactions between New Non-Abelian Gauge Sector and the Standard Model
• Scalar dark matter, Neutrino mass and Leptogenesis in a $\mathrm{U}(1{)}_{\mathrm{B}-\mathrm{L}}$ model
• UV completion of an axial, leptophobic, $Z^{\prime }$
• The E6 route to multicomponent dark matter
• Indian Contributions to LHC Theory
• Study of $B_s^0\to l^{+}{l}^{-}\gamma$ decays in the nonuniversal Z' model