$Z_{BL}^{\prime }$ portal dark matter and LHC Run-2 results

Abstract

We consider a concise dark matter scenario in the minimal gauged $B-L$ extension of the Standard Model (SM), where the global $B-L$ (baryon number minus lepton number) symmetry in the SM is gauged, and three generations of right-handed neutrinos and a $B-L$ Higgs field are introduced. Associated with the $B-L$ gauge symmetry breaking by a VEV of the $B-L$ Higgs field, the seesaw mechanism for generating the neutrino mass is automatically implemented after the electroweak symmetry breaking in the SM. In this model context, we introduce a $Z_2$-parity and assign an odd parity for one right-handed neutrino while even parities for the other fields. Therefore, the dark matter candidate is identified as the right-handed Majorana neutrino with odd $Z_2$ parity, keeping the minimality of the particle content intact. When the dark matter particle communicates with the SM particles mainly through the $B-L$ gauge boson ($Z_{BL}^{\prime }$ boson), its relic abundance is determined by only three free parameters, the $B-L$ gauge coupling (${\alpha }_{BL}$), the $Z_{BL}^{\prime }$ boson mass ($m_{Z^{\prime }}$) and the dark matter mass ($m_{DM}$). With the cosmological upper bound on the dark matter relic abundance we find a lower bound on ${\alpha }_{BL}$ as a function of $m_{Z^{\prime }}$. On the other hand, we interpret the recent LHC Run-2 results on search for $Z^{\prime }$ boson resonance to an upper bound on ${\alpha }_{BL}$ as a function of $m_{Z^{\prime }}$. Combining the two results we identify an allowed parameter region for this "$Z_{BL}^{\prime }$ portal" dark matter scenario, which turns out to be a narrow window with the lower mass bound of $m_{Z^{\prime }}>2.5$ TeV.

17 pages, 5 figures, typographical errors corrected

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