Stability of interlinked neutron vortex and proton flux tube arrays in a neutron star. II. Far-from-equilibrium dynamics

Abstract

The equilibrium configurations of neutron superfluid vortices interacting with proton superconductor flux tubes in a rotating, harmonic trap are non-trivial in general, when the magnetorotational symmetry is broken. A non-zero angle $\theta$ between the magnetic and rotation axes leads to tangled vorticity due to competition between vortex-vortex repulsion and vortex-flux-tube pinning. Here we investigate the far-from-equilibrium behaviour of the vortices, as the trap decelerates, by solving the time-dependent, stochastic, Gross-Pitaevskii equation numerically in three dimensions. The numerical simulations reveal new vortex behaviours. Key geometrical attributes of the evolving vortex tangle are characterised, as is the degree to which pinning impedes the deceleration of the neutron condensate as a function of $\eta$, the pinning strength, and $\theta$. The simulated system is a partial analogue of the outer core of a decelerating neutron star, albeit in a very different parameter regime.

12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (8)

• Observation of Vortex Pinning in Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Transitions between turbulent and laminar superfluid vorticity states in the outer core of a neutron star
• Unpinning triggers for superfluid vortex avalanches
• Quantum calculation of vortices in the inner crust of neutron stars
• Vortex-nucleus interaction in the inner crust of neutron stars
• Stability of interlinked neutron vortex and proton flux tube arrays in a neutron star: equilibrium configurations
• Strongly Interacting Fermi Gases
• Modelling the dynamics of superfluid neutron stars

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• An updated glitch rate law inferred from radio pulsars
• Neutron-superfluid vortices and proton-superconductor flux tubes: Development of a minimal model for pulsar glitches
• Anti-glitches in accreting pulsars from superfluid vortex avalanches
• Stability of interlinked neutron vortex and proton flux-tube arrays in a neutron star -- III. Proton feedback
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• Strongly interacting matter in extreme magnetic fields
• Differential rotation in neutron stars with open and closed magnetic topologies
• Turbulence and large-scale structures in self-gravitating superfluids
• Magnetic coupling through flux branching of adjacent type-I and -II superconductors in a neutron star
• Measuring the crust-superfluid coupling time-scale for 105 UTMOST pulsars with a Kalman filter
• Flux tube clustering from magnetic coupling of adjacent type-I and -II superconductors in a neutron star: persistent gravitational radiation