On the generation of solar spicules and Alfvénic waves

Abstract

In the lower solar atmosphere, the chromosphere is permeated by jets known as spicules, in which plasma is propelled at speeds of 50 to 150 kilometers per second into the corona. The origin of the spicules is poorly understood, although they are expected to play a role in heating the million-degree corona and are associated with Alfvénic waves that help drive the solar wind. We compare magnetohydrodynamic simulations of spicules with observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph and the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope. Spicules are shown to occur when magnetic tension is amplified and transported upward through interactions between ions and neutrals or ambipolar diffusion. The tension is impulsively released to drive flows, heat plasma (through ambipolar diffusion), and generate Alfvénic waves.

arXiv comment28 pages, 10 figures

References in corpus (39)

• The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS)
• The Solar Optical Telescope for the Hinode Mission: An Overview
• The stellar atmosphere simulation code Bifrost
• A Tale Of Two Spicules: The Impact of Spicules on the Magnetic Chromosphere
• Observing the Roots of Solar Coronal Heating - in the Chromosphere
• CRISPRED: A data pipeline for the CRISP imaging spectropolarimeter
• Ubiquitous torsional motions in type II spicules
• Approximations for radiative cooling and heating in the solar chromosphere
• A publicly available simulation of an enhanced network region of the Sun
• On-disk counterparts of type II spicules in the Ca II 854.2 nm and Halpha lines
• Quantifying Spicules
• Propagating waves along spicules
• Solar fine-scale structures. I. Spicules and other small-scale, jet-like events at the chromospheric level: observations and physical parameters
• MHD Waves and Coronal Heating: Unifying Empirical and MHD Turbulence Models
• An Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph first view on Solar Spicules
• Radiative transfer with scattering for domain-decomposed 3D MHD simulations of cool stellar atmospheres
• Resonant Absorption of Transverse Oscillations and Associated Heating in a Solar Prominence. II- Numerical aspects
• The formation of IRIS diagnostics. III. Near-ultraviolet Spectra and Images
• 2D Radiative MHD Simulations of the Importance of Partial Ionization in the Chromosphere
• Resonant Absorption of Transverse Oscillations and Associated Heating in a Solar Prominence. I- Observational aspects
• RH 1.5D: a massively parallel code for multi-level radiative transfer with partial frequency redistribution and Zeeman polarisation
• Emergence of a flux tube through a partially ionised solar atmosphere
• Gamma Ray Bursts Are Observed Off-Axis
• Collisions, magnetization, and transport coefficients in the lower solar atmosphere
• Three-dimensional non-LTE radiative transfer computation of the Ca 8542 infrared line from a radiation-MHD simulation
• Magnetorotational instability in protoplanetary discs
• Statistical properties of the Disk Counterparts of Type II Spicules from simultaneous observations of RBEs in Ca II 8542 and Hα
• On the origin of the Type~{\sc ii} spicules - dynamic 3D MHD simulations
• Numerical Simulations of Coronal Heating through Footpoint Braiding
• Rayleigh-Taylor instability in prominences from numerical simulations including partial ionization effects
• Fast approximation of angle-dependent partial redistribution in moving atmospheres
• Partial redistribution in 3D non-LTE radiative transfer in solar atmosphere models
• Magnetohydrodynamics of the Weakly Ionized Solar Photosphere
• Are Chromospheric Nanoflares a Primary Source of Coronal Plasma?
• A Microfilament-Eruption Mechanism for Solar Spicules
• Effect of ion-neutral collisions in simulations of emerging active regions
• On the Misalignment between Chromospheric Features and the Magnetic Field on the Sun
• A Detailed Comparison Between The Observed and Synthesized Properties of a Simulated Type ii Spicule
• Global multifluid simulations of the magnetorotational instability in radially stratified protoplanetary disks

Cited by in corpus (113)

• Partially Ionized Plasmas in Astrophysics
• Generation of Solar Spicules and Subsequent Atmospheric Heating
• STiC -- A multi-atom non-LTE PRD inversion code for full-Stokes solar observations
• The Properties of the Solar Corona and Its Connection to the Solar Wind
• A solar source of Alfvénic magnetic field switchbacks: {\em in situ} remnants of magnetic funnels on supergranulation scales
• Critical Science Plan for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST)
• The European Solar Telescope
• Frequently Occurring Reconnection Jets from Sunspot Light Bridges
• The Multi-slit Approach to Coronal Spectroscopy with the Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE)
• MHD Waves in open coronal structures
• Three-dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation of the Formation of Solar Chromospheric Jets with Twisted Magnetic Field Lines
• Probing the physics of the solar atmosphere with the Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE): I. Coronal Heating
• Three-dimensional modeling of the Ca II H&K lines in the solar atmosphere
• Two-dimensional Radiative Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Partial Ionization in the Chromosphere. II. Dynamics and Energetics of the Low Solar Atmosphere
• Waves in the lower solar atmosphere: the dawn of next-generation solar telescopes
• IRIS and SDO Observations of Solar Jetlets Resulting from Network-Edge Flux Cancelation
• Transverse Wave Induced Kelvin-Helmholtz Rolls in Spicules
• Mapping Solar Magnetic Fields from the Photosphere to the Base of the Corona
• Surges and Si IV bursts in the solar atmosphere. Understanding IRIS and SST observations through RMHD experiments
• Ion-neutral interactions and non-equilibrium ionization in the solar chromosphere
• Hi-C 2.1 Observations of Jetlet-like Events at Edges of Solar Magnetic Network Lane
• Upflows in the upper solar atmosphere
• Impact of Type II Spicules in the Corona: Simulations and Synthetic Observables
• IRIS observations of short-term variability in moss associated with transient hot coronal loops
• What causes the high apparent speeds in chromospheric and transition region spicules on the Sun?
• Stereoscopy of extreme UV quiet Sun brightenings observed by Solar Orbiter/EUI
• Three-dimensional modeling of chromospheric spectral lines in a simulated active region
• On the observations of rapid forced reconnection in the solar corona
• Successive Two-sided loop Jets Caused by Magnetic Reconnection between Two adjacent Filamentary Threads
• A Comprehensive Radiative Magnetohydrodynamics Simulation of Active Region Scale Flux Emergence from the Convection Zone to the Corona
• Spicules and downflows in the solar chromosphere
• Nonequilibrium ionization and ambipolar diffusion in solar magnetic flux emergence processes
• Low-frequency Alfven Waves Produced by Magnetic Reconnection in the Sun's Magnetic Carpet
• A Magnetic Reconnection model for Hot Explosions in the Cool Atmosphere of the Sun
• A solar coronal loop in a box: Energy generation and heating
• Ambipolar diffusion in the Bifrost code
• Radiation hydrodynamics in simulations of the solar atmosphere
• Weak damping of propagating MHD kink waves in the quiescent corona
• Coronal Mini-jets in an Activated Solar Tornado-like Prominence
• Stirring the Base of the Solar Wind: On Heat Transfer and Vortex Formation
• Spatio-temporal analysis of chromospheric heating in a plage region
• Polymeric jets throw light on the origin and nature of the forest of solar spicules
• Bridging the Gap: Capturing the Ly$\alpha$ Counterpart of a Type-II Spicule and its Heating Evolution with VAULT2.0 and IRIS Observations
• On the origin of the magnetic energy in the quiet solar chromosphere
• I. Jet Formation and Evolution due to 3D Magnetic Reconnection
• Possible Production of Solar Spicules by Microfilament Eruptions
• Numerical simulations and observations of Mg II in the solar chromosphere
• The impact of multi-fluid effects in the solar chromosphere on the ponderomotive force under LTE and NEQ ionization conditions
• High-frequency spicule oscillations generated via mode conversion
• High-resolution observations of the solar photosphere, chromosphere and transition region. A database of coordinated IRIS and SST observations
• Two-fluid numerical simulations of the origin of the fast solar wind
• What is a Macrospicule?
• On the relation between transition region network jets and coronal plumes
• Estimating the temperature and density of a spicule from 100 GHz data obtained with ALMA
• The chromosphere underneath a Coronal Bright Point
• On the formation of solar wind & switchbacks, and quiet Sun heating
• Acoustic-gravity wave propagation characteristics in 3D radiation hydrodynamic simulations of the solar atmosphere
• The Formation of IRIS Diagnostics. IX. The Formation of the C I 135.58 Line in the Solar Atmosphere
• Evidence of multithermal nature of spicular downflows. Impact on solar atmospheric heating
• Small-scale solar jet formation and their associated waves and instabilities
• Swirls in the Solar Corona
• Two-fluid numerical model of chromospheric heating and plasma outflows in a quiet-Sun
• Hi-C 2.1 Observations of Small-Scale Miniature-Filament-Eruption-Like Cool Ejections in Active Region Plage
• Magnetic filed dynamics and varying plasma emission in large coronal loops
• Rapid Evolution of Type II Spicules Observed in Goode Solar Telescope On-Disk H-alpha Images
• Solar Spicules, Filigrees and Solar Wind Switchbacks
• High-resolution wave dynamics in the lower solar atmosphere
• Spicule jets in the solar atmosphere modeled with resistive MHD and thermal conduction
• Role of Longitudinal Waves in Alfvén-wave-driven Solar Wind
• Contribution of spicules to solar coronal emission
• Modelling of asymmetric nanojets in coronal loops
• The fine-scale structure of polar coronal holes
• Modelling the connection between propagating disturbances and solar spicules
• On modelling the kinematics and evolutionary properties of pressure pulse driven impulsive solar jets
• The dynamic chromosphere: pushing the boundaries of observations and models
• Kink instability of triangular jets in the solar atmosphere
• Dependence of Spicule Properties on the Magnetic Field -- Results from Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations
• Possible Evolution of Minifilament-Eruption-Produced Solar Coronal Jets, Jetlets, and Spicules, into Magnetic-Twist-Wave "Switchbacks" Observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP)
• Velocity Response of the Observed Explosive Events in the Lower Solar Atmosphere: I. Formation of the Flowing Cool Loop System
• The formation and dissipation of current sheets and shocks due to compressive waves in a stratified atmosphere containing a magnetic null
• Fine-Scale Features of the Sun's Atmosphere: Spicules and Jets
• Fast magnetic wave could heat the solar low-beta chromosphere
• A novel inversion method to determine the coronal magnetic field including the impact of bound-free absorption
• Two-dimensional partially ionized magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
• Statistical properties of Hα jets in the polar coronal hole and their implications in coronal activities
• The Relation between Solar Spicules and Magnetohydrodynamic Shocks
• Probing chromospheric fine structures with a Hα proxy using MURaM-ChE
• Response of the solar atmosphere to flux emergence: With emergence-driven prominence formation
• Doppler shifts of spectral lines formed in the solar transition region and corona
• The dark side of penumbral microjets: Observations in Hα
• Multi-fluid Simulation of Solar Chromospheric Turbulence and Heating Due to the Thermal Farley-Buneman Instability
• Dynamic kink instability and transverse motions of solar spicules
• Small-scale dynamic phenomena associated with interacting fan-spine topologies: quiet-Sun Ellerman bombs, UV brightenings, and chromospheric inverted-Y-shaped jets
• Rapid Blue- and Red-shifted Excursions in H$\alpha$ line profiles synthesized from realistic 3D MHD simulations
• Chromosphere of the quiet sun -- I. Shock and current-sheet dynamics and heating
• Infrared diagnostics of the solar magnetic field with Mg I 12 $\mu$m lines: forward-model results
• Hot prominence spicules launched from turbulent cool solar prominences
• Analysis of 3D plasma motions in a chromospheric jet formed due to magnetic reconnection
• Modeling of Chromospheric Features and Dynamics in Solar Plage
• Multiwavelength Study of on-disk Coronal Hole Jets with IRIS and SDO observations
• Ambipolar diffusion: Self-similar solutions and MHD code testing. Cylindrical symmetry
• Quiet Sun Ellerman bombs as a possible proxy for reconnection-driven spicules
• Spicules in IRIS Mg II Observations: Automated Identification
• Statistical properties of spicules in MURaM-ChE
• A new view of the solar interface region from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS)
• Bright Dots and Coronal Plume Formation in Sunspot Penumbra
• ALMA Observations of Solar Spicules in a Polar Coronal Hole
• Numerical Simulations of Two-Fluid Magnetoacoustic Waves in the Solar Atmosphere
• On the Relationship between Solar Spicules and Propagating Coronal Disturbances: The Role of Shocks
• Influence of the magnetic field topology in the evolution of small-scale two-fluid jets in the solar atmosphere
• Parallel plasma loops and the energization of the solar corona
• Comparison of models for dynamical structures of solar plasma
• Decomposing wave activity in the solar atmosphere: Shocks, jets and swirls in the quiet Sun