The Properties of the Galactic Hot Gaseous Halo from X-ray Emission

Abstract

The extended hot X-ray emitting gaseous halo of the Milky Way has an optical depth $\sim 1$ for the dominant emission lines of \ion{O}{7} and \ion{O}{8}, which are used to infer the halo properties. To improve on halo gas properties, we treat optical depth effects with a Monte-Carlo radiative transfer model, which leads to slightly steeper density profiles ($\beta \approx 0.5$) than if optical depths effects were ignored. For the preferred model where the halo is rotating on cylinders at $180$ km s${}^{-1}$, independent fits to both lines lead to identical results, where the core radius is $2.5$ kpc and the turbulent component of the Doppler b parameter is $100-120$ km s${}^{-1}$; the turbulent pressure is $20\%$ of the thermal pressure. The fit is improved when emission from a disk is included, with a radial scale length of $3$ kpc (assumed) and a fitted vertical scale height of approximately $1.3$ kpc. The disk component is a minor mass constituent and has low optical depth, except at low latitudes. The gaseous mass is $3-4\times 10^{10}{M}_{\odot }$ within $250\mathrm{kpc}$, similar to our previous determinations and significantly less than the missing baryons of $1.7\times 10^{11}{M}_{\odot }$.

References in corpus (61)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• The Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI: Final data release of the combined LDS and IAR surveys with improved stray-radiation corrections
• How Do Galaxies Get Their Gas?
• Collisional Plasma Models with APEC/APED: Emission Line Diagnostics of Hydrogen-like and Helium-like Ions
• Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits
• The Cosmic Baryon Budget
• Virial shocks in galactic haloes?
• Giant Gamma-ray Bubbles from Fermi-LAT: AGN Activity or Bipolar Galactic Wind?
• The formation history of elliptical galaxies
• Updated Atomic Data and Calculations for X-ray Spectroscopy
• Where Are the Baryons? II: Feedback Effects
• A High Spectral Resolution Observation of the Soft X-ray Diffuse Background with Thermal Detectors
• The Search for the Missing Baryons at Low Redshift
• A Catalogue and Analysis of X-ray luminosities of Early-type galaxies
• A huge reservoir of ionized gas around the Milky Way: Accounting for the Missing Mass?
• Constraining the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo with OVII and OVII Emission Lines
• Chandra Discovery of a Tree in the X-ray Forest towards PKS 2155-304: the Local Filament?
• The Structure of the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo
• Multi-phase High-Velocity Clouds toward HE 0226-4110 and PG 0953+414
• The Impact of Star Formation Feedback on the Circumgalactic Medium
• Detection of a Hot Gaseous Halo Around the Giant Spiral Galaxy NGC 1961
• X-ray coronae in simulations of disc galaxy formation
• X-Ray Absorption from the Milky Way Halo and the Local Group
• Hot X-ray coronae around massive spiral galaxies: a unique probe of structure formation models
• Where are the ``Missing'' Galactic Baryons?
• The Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU)
• Massive Coronae of Galaxies
• XMM-Newton Detects a Hot Gaseous Halo in the Fastest Rotating Spiral Galaxy UGC 12591
• An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-ray Background. III. The Galactic Halo X-ray Emission
• Chandra Observation of the Edge-on Spiral NGC 5775: Probing the Hot Galactic Disk/Halo Connection
• A Deep XMM-Newton Study of the Hot Gaseous Halo Around NGC 1961
• X-ray Absorption Line Spectroscopy of the Galactic Hot Interstellar Medium
• Metal Abundances in the Magellanic Stream
• Hot gas halos around disk galaxies: Confronting cosmological simulations with observations
• X-ray Emission from Haloes of Simulated Disc Galaxies
• Suzaku Observations of the Local and Distant Hot ISM
• Probing the Local Group Medium Toward Mkn 421 with Chandra and FUSE
• The Trouble with the Local Bubble
• A Galactic Origin for the Local Ionized X-ray Absorbers
• The Rotation of the Hot Gas Around the Milky Way
• The Interaction of the Fermi Bubbles with the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo
• Detection of a luminous hot X-ray corona around the massive spiral galaxy NGC266
• Hot Gas Halos in Early-Type Field Galaxies
• XMM-Newton Survey of Local O VII Absorption Lines in the Spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Gas Accretion is Dominated by Warm Ionized Gas in Milky Way-Mass Galaxies at z ~ 0
• X-ray and UV spectroscopy of Galactic diffuse hot gas along the LMC X--3 sight line
• O VII and O VIII absorption by hot gas in the vicinity of the Galaxy
• A Distant Echo of Milky Way Central Activity closes the Galaxy's Baryon Census
• Galaxy Mergers with Adaptive Mesh Refinement: Star Formation and Hot Gas Outflow
• An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-ray Background. II. An All-Sky Catalog of Diffuse O VII and O VIII Emission Intensities
• An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-ray Background. I. The O VII and O VIII Lines Between l=120 and l=240
• X-ray Spectroscopy of Galactic Hot Gas along the PKS 2155-304 Sight Line
• Feedback from galactic stellar bulges and hot gaseous haloes of galaxies
• Chandra and Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Observations of z~0 Warm-Hot Gas Toward PKS 2155-304
• Detecting the warm-hot intergalactic medium through X-ray absorption lines
• Chandra Detection of Local Warm-Hot Gas Toward Markarian 279
• The Milky Way's Hot Gas Kinematics: Signatures in Current and Future OVII Absorption Line Observations
• High Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of the Local Hot Gas along the 3C 273 Sightline
• A deep Chandra observation of the hot gaseous halo around a rare, extremely massive and relativistic jet launching spiral galaxy
• Discovery of Galactic OIV and OV X-ray absorption due to transition temperature gas in the PKS 2155-304 spectrum

Cited by in corpus (31)

• Baryons in the CosmicWeb of IllustrisTNG - I: Gas in Knots, Filaments, Sheets and Voids
• The abundance, distribution, and physical nature of highly ionized oxygen OVI, OVII, and OVIII in IllustrisTNG
• The Extended Distribution of Baryons Around Galaxies
• Cooling flow solutions for the circumgalactic medium
• The Galactic Halo Contribution to the Dispersion Measure of Extragalactic Fast Radio Bursts
• Hot-mode accretion and the physics of thin-disk galaxy formation
• Spatial distribution of the Milky Way hot gaseous halo constrained by Suzaku X-ray observations
• The Magellanic Stream at 20 kpc: A New Orbital History for the Magellanic Clouds
• Magnetic fields in the Galactic halo restrict fountain-driven recycling and accretion
• The Mass and Absorption Columns of Galactic Gaseous Halos
• The Hot, Accreted Halo of NGC 891
• Thermal Instability in the CGM of $L_{\star }$ Galaxies: Testing "Precipitation" Models with the FIRE Simulations
• The warm-hot circumgalactic medium of the Milky Way as seen by eROSITA
• SRG/eROSITA discovery of a large circular SNR candidate G116.6-26.1: SN Ia explosion probing the gas of the Milky Way halo?
• Models of rotating coronae
• The Cosmic Ultraviolet Baryon Survey (CUBS) VI: Connecting Physical Properties of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium to Galaxies at $z\approx 1$
• EAGLE-Auriga: effects of different subgrid models on the baryon cycle around Milky Way-mass galaxies
• Entering the Era of Dark Matter Astronomy? Near to Long-Term Forecasts in X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Bands
• The Fate of Supernova-Heated Gas in Star-Forming Regions of the LMC: Lessons for Galaxy Formation?
• The warm Gaseous Disk and the Anisotropic Circumgalactic Medium of the Milky Way
• The Warm Gas in the MW: A Kinematical Model
• The Mass and Absorption Columns of Galactic Gaseous Halos II -- The High Ionization State Ions
• An X-ray and SZ bright diffuse source toward M31: a Local Hot Bridge
• The Solar-Cycle Temporal Variation of the Solar Wind Charge Exchange X-ray Lines
• The soft X-ray background with Suzaku: I. Milky Way halo
• Hot gas in galaxy halos traced by coronal broad Lyman alpha absorbers
• Gamma-ray Production in the Extended Halo of the Galaxy and Possible Implications for the Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays
• Probing the Halo Gas Distribution in the Inner Galaxy with Fermi Bubble Observations
• Unlocking Discovery Potential for Decaying Dark Matter and Faint X-ray Sources with XRISM
• On the baryon budget in the X-ray-emitting circumgalactic medium of Milky Way-mass galaxies
• Prospects for studying million-degree gas in the Milky Way halo using the forbidden optical [FeX] and [FeXIV] intersystem lines