Pop III $\text{i}$-process Nucleosynthesis and the Elemental Abundances of SMSS J0313-6708 and the Most Iron-Poor Stars

Abstract

We have investigated a highly energetic H-ingestion event during shell He burning leading to H-burning luminosities of $\log(L_\mathrm{H}/\mathrm{\Lsun}) \sim 13$ in a $45 \Msun$ Pop III massive stellar model. In order to track the nucleosynthesis which may occur in such an event, we run a series of single-zone nucleosynthesis models for typical conditions found in the stellar evolution model. Such nucleosynthesis conditions may lead to $\text{i}-$process neutron densities of up to $\sim 10^{13}{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$. The resulting simulation abundance pattern, where Mg comes from He burning and Ca from the $\text{i}$ process, agrees with the general observed pattern of the most iron-poor star currently known, SMSS J031300.36-670839.3. However, Na is also efficiently produced in these $i$ process conditions, and the prediction exceeds observations by $\sim 2.5 \unitstyle{dex}$. While this probably rules out this model for SMSS J031300.36-670839.3, the typical $\text{i}-$process signature of combined He burning and $\text{i}$ process of higher than solar [Na/Mg], [Mg/Al] and low [Ca/Mg] is reproducing abundance features of the two next most iron-poor stars HE\,1017-5240 and HE\,1327-2326 very well. The $i$ process does not reach Fe which would have to come from a low level of additional enrichment. $\text{i}$ process in hyper-metal poor or Pop III massive stars may be able to explain certain abundance patterns observed in some of the most-metal poor CEMP-no stars.

Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters

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