Observation of the Mott Insulator to Superfluid Crossover of a Driven-Dissipative Bose-Hubbard System

Abstract

Dissipation is ubiquitous in nature and plays a crucial role in quantum systems such as causing decoherence of quantum states. Recently, much attention has been paid to an intriguing possibility of dissipation as an efficient tool for preparation and manipulation of quantum states. Here we report the realization of successful demonstration of a novel role of dissipation in a quantum phase transition using cold atoms. We realize an engineered dissipative Bose-Hubbard system by introducing a controllable strength of two-body inelastic collision via photo-association for ultracold bosons in a three-dimensional optical lattice. In the dynamics subjected to a slow ramp-down of the optical lattice, we find that strong on-site dissipation favors the Mott insulating state: the melting of the Mott insulator is delayed and the growth of the phase coherence is suppressed. The controllability of the dissipation is highlighted by quenching the dissipation, providing a novel method for investigating a quantum many-body state and its non-equilibrium dynamics.

26 pages, 17 figures

References in corpus (47)

• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Nonequilibrium dynamics of closed interacting quantum systems
• Many body localization and thermalization in quantum statistical mechanics
• Quantum fluids of light
• Quantum States and Phases in Driven Open Quantum Systems with Cold Atoms
• Quantum many-body systems out of equilibrium
• Cold atoms in cavity-generated dynamical optical potentials
• Realizing a lattice spin model with polar molecules
• Quantum trajectories and open many-body quantum systems
• Keldysh Field Theory for Driven Open Quantum Systems
• Quantum spin dynamics and entanglement generation with hundreds of trapped ions
• Strong dissipation inhibits losses and induces correlations in cold molecular gases
• Dynamical Phase Transitions and Instabilities in Open Atomic Many-Body Systems
• Phases of the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model
• Controlling the dynamics of an open many-body quantum system with localized dissipation
• Signatures of Many-Body Localization in a Controlled Open Quantum System
• Prethermalization and universal dynamics in near-integrable quantum systems
• Two-color photoassociation spectroscopy of ytterbium atoms and the precise determinations of s-wave scattering lengths
• Oscillating Superfluidity of Bosons in Optical Lattices
• Non-equilibrium steady-states in a driven-dissipative superfluid
• Steady-state phases and tunneling-induced instabilities in the driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard model
• Constrained dynamics via the Zeno effect in quantum simulation: Implementing non-Abelian lattice gauge theories with cold atoms
• Phase coherence of an atomic Mott insulator
• Dissipation induced Tonks-Girardeau gas in an optical lattice
• Quantum critical states and phase transitions in the presence of non equilibrium noise
• Quantum Control by Imaging : The Zeno effect in an ultracold lattice gas
• Interference pattern and visibility of a Mott insulator
• Detecting the Amplitude Mode of Strongly Interacting Lattice Bosons by Bragg Scattering
• Dissipation induced coherence of a two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate
• Negative differential conductivity in an interacting quantum gas
• Nonequilibrium Phase Diagram of a Driven-Dissipative Many-Body System
• Quantum critical behavior influenced by measurement backaction in ultracold gases
• Density wave and supersolid phases of correlated bosons in an optical lattice
• Photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein Condensate near a Feshbach Resonance
• Superfluid-insulator transition in a moving system of interacting bosons
• Route to supersolidity for the extended Bose-Hubbard model
• Preparation and spectroscopy of a metastable Mott insulator state with attractive interactions
• Stabilization of the p-wave superfluid state in an optical lattice
• Excitation dynamics in a lattice Bose gas within the time-dependent Gutzwiller mean-field approach
• Two-Dimensional Dynamics of Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
• Saturation in heteronuclear photoassociation of 6Li7Li
• Dissipation through localised loss in bosonic systems with long-range interactions
• Saturation of Cs2 Photoassociation in an Optical Dipole Trap
• Quantum phases of mixtures of atoms and molecules on optical lattices
• Rigorous mean-field dynamics of lattice bosons: Quenches from the Mott insulator
• Scalable register initialization for quantum computing in an optical lattice
• Detecting the superfluid critical momentum of Bose gases in optical lattices through dipole oscillations

Cited by in corpus (163)

• Non-Hermitian Physics
• Non-Hermitian skin modes induced by on-site dissipations and chiral tunneling effect
• Engineered Dissipation for Quantum Information Science
• Theory of Non-Hermitian Fermionic Superfluidity with a Complex-Valued Interaction
• Non-equilibrium steady-states in a driven-dissipative superfluid
• Constructing neural stationary states for open quantum many-body systems
• Non-Hermitian Kondo effect in ultracold alkaline-earth atoms
• Dissipation Induced Structural Instability and Chiral Dynamics in a Quantum Gas
• Exact Liouvillian Spectrum of a One-Dimensional Dissipative Hubbard Model
• Dissipative Floquet Dynamics: from Steady State to Measurement Induced Criticality in Trapped-ion Chains
• Non-Hermitian Linear Response Theory
• Floquet States in Open Quantum Systems
• Anomalous momentum diffusion in a dissipative many-body system
• Measurement-induced transitions of the entanglement scaling law in ultracold gases with controllable dissipation
• Non-Hermitian topological Mott insulators in one-dimensional fermionic superlattices
• Dynamics of Ultracold Quantum Gases in the Dissipative Fermi-Hubbard Model
• Resolving Discrepancy between Liouvillian Gap and Relaxation Time in Boundary-Dissipated Quantum Many-Body Systems
• Emerging dissipative phases in a superradiant quantum gas with tunable decay
• Coherent and dissipative dynamics at quantum phase transitions
• Non-Hermitian fractional quantum Hall states
• Full-Counting Many-Particle Dynamics: Nonlocal and Chiral Propagation of Correlations
• Universal properties of dissipative Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids: Case study of a non-Hermitian XXZ spin chain
• Dissipative Bose-Hubbard system with intrinsic two-body loss
• Dynamical sign reversal of magnetic correlations in dissipative Hubbard models
• Engineering tunable local loss in a synthetic lattice of momentum states
• Collective Excitations and Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Dissipative Fermionic Superfluids
• Ultracold quantum wires with localized losses: many-body quantum Zeno effect
• Quantized conductance through a dissipative atomic point contact
• Topological Bose-Mott insulators in one-dimensional non-Hermitian superlattices
• Strong correlations in lossy one-dimensional quantum gases: from the quantum Zeno effect to the generalized Gibbs ensemble
• Orthogonality catastrophe in dissipative quantum many body systems
• Non-Hermitian Mott Skin Effect
• Dynamic Kibble-Zurek scaling framework for open dissipative many-body systems crossing quantum transitions
• Exceptional band touching for strongly correlated systems in equilibrium
• Thermalization and Heating Dynamics in Open Generic Many-Body Systems
• Superfluid--Mott insulator transition of ultracold superradiant bosons in a cavity
• Observation of the Sign Reversal of the Magnetic Correlation in a Driven-Dissipative Fermi Gas in Double Wells
• Non-Hermitian skin effect in one-dimensional interacting Bose gas
• Symmetrized Liouvillian Gap in Markovian Open Quantum Systems
• Variational principle for quantum impurity systems in and out of equilibrium: application to Kondo problems
• The one-dimensional Bose gas with strong two-body losses: the effect of the harmonic confinement
• Thermalization in open many-body systems based on eigenstate thermalization hypothesis
• Superfluid signatures in a dissipative quantum point contact
• A dynamical theory for one-dimensional fermions with strong two-body losses: universal non-Hermitian Zeno physics and spin-charge separation
• Universal description of dissipative Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids with SU($N$) spin symmetry: Exact spectrum and critical exponents
• Competing coherent and dissipative dynamics close to quantum criticality
• Many-Body Open Quantum Systems
• Interaction induced dynamical $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ symmetry breaking in dissipative Fermi-Hubbard models
• Formation of Matter-Wave Polaritons in an Optical Lattice
• Interaction-induced Liouvillian skin effect in a fermionic chain with a two-body loss
• Exact description of transport and non-reciprocity in monitored quantum devices
• Generalized Berry phase for a bosonic Bogoliubov system with exceptional points
• Reduction of one-dimensional non-Hermitian point-gap topology by correlations
• $\eta$-pairing ground states in the non-Hermitian Hubbard model
• Geometry and superfluidity of the flat band in a non-Hermitian optical lattice
• Decay mechanisms of superflow of Bose-Einstein condensates in ring traps
• One-dimensional spin-1/2 fermionic gases with two-body losses: weak dissipation and spin conservation
• Accuracy of quantum simulators with ultracold dipolar molecules: a quantitative comparison between continuum and lattice descriptions
• Rectification in Nonequilibrium Steady States of Open Many-Body Systems
• Quantum and classical correlations in open quantum-spin lattices via truncated-cumulant trajectories
• Yang-Lee Zeros, Semicircle Theorem, and Nonunitary Criticality in Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer Superconductivity
• Non-reciprocal dynamics and the non-Hermitian skin effect of repulsively bound pairs
• Fate of exceptional points under interactions: Reduction of topological classifications
• Atomic self-organization emerging from tunable quadrature coupling
• Dynamical hysteresis properties of the driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard model with a Gutzwiller Monte Carlo approach
• Dissipation-facilitated molecules in a Fermi gas with non-Hermitian spin-orbit coupling
• Scaling behavior of the stationary states arising from dissipation at continuous quantum transitions
• Comparative study for two-terminal transport through a lossy one-dimensional quantum wire
• A strontium quantum-gas microscope
• Quantum simulation with fully coherent dipole--dipole-interactions mediated by three-dimensional subwavelength atomic arrays
• Multicritical dissipative phase transitions in the anisotropic open quantum Rabi model
• Stable-unstable transition for a Bose-Hubbard chain coupled to an environment
• Cavity-assisted preparation and detection of a unitary Fermi gas
• DC transport in a dissipative superconducting quantum point contact
• Exact eigenstates of multicomponent Hubbard models: SU($N$) magnetic $\eta$ pairing, weak ergodicity breaking, and partial integrability
• Absence of Criticality in the Phase Transitions of Open Floquet Systems
• Non-equilibrium strong-coupling theory for a driven-dissipative ultracold Fermi gas in the BCS-BEC crossover region
• Exploring the impact of fluctuation-induced criticality on non-hermitian skin effect and quantum sensors
• Quantum reaction-limited reaction-diffusion dynamics of annihilation processes
• Effects of atom losses on a one-dimensional lattice gas of hardcore bosons
• Asymptotic temperature of a lossy condensate
• Diagrammatic Monte Carlo for Dissipative Quantum Impurity Models
• Effective scattering and Efimov physics in the presence of two-body dissipation
• Theory of non-Hermitian fermionic superfluidity on a honeycomb lattice: Interplay between exceptional manifolds and van Hove Singularity
• Photoassociation of Ultracold NaLi
• Universal conductance of a PT-symmetric Luttinger liquid after a quantum quench
• Breakdown of Markovianity by interactions in stroboscopic Floquet-Lindblad dynamics under high-frequency drive
• Entanglement enhancement induced by noise in inhomogeneously monitored systems
• Driven-dissipative control of cold atoms in tilted optical lattices
• Loss induced collective mode in one-dimensional Bose gases
• Quantum phases of dipolar bosons in multilayer optical lattice
• Quantum master equation for many-body systems: Derivation based on the Lieb-Robinson bound
• Universality and two-body losses: lessons from the effective non-Hermitian dynamics of two particles
• Kondo-Zeno crossover in the dynamics of a monitored quantum dot
• Non-Hermitian Haldane-Hubbard model: Effective description of one- and two-body dissipation
• Dissipation-assisted coherence formation in a spinor quantum gas
• Correlations in non-Hermitian systems and Diagram techniques for the steady state
• Observation of slow relaxation due to Hilbert space fragmentation in strongly interacting Bose-Hubbard chains
• Expedited thermalization dynamics in incommensurate systems
• Individual assembly of two-species Rydberg molecules using optical tweezers
• Dynamic renormalization group theory for open Floquet systems
• Correlation versus dissipation in a non-Hermitian Anderson impurity model
• Probing the superfluid-insulator phase transition by a non-Hermitian external field
• Yang-Lee Zeros in Quantum Phase Transition: An Entanglement Perspective
• Realizing multiband states with ultracold dipolar quantum simulators
• Quantum reaction-limited reaction-diffusion dynamics of noninteracting Bose gases
• Nonequilibrium steady states of Bose-Einstein condensates with a local particle loss in double potential barriers
• Heat transport through a two-level system under continuous quantum measurement
• Shortening time scale to reduce thermal effects in quantum transistors
• Dissipation induced transition between delocalization and localization in the three-dimensional Anderson model
• Tensor-network approach to thermalization in open quantum many-body systems
• Time- and frequency-domain two-particle correlations of a driven dissipative Bose-Hubbard model
• Phase diagram of non-Hermitian BCS superfluids in a dissipative asymmetric Hubbard model
• Accelerated Decay due to Operator Spreading in Bulk-Dissipated Quantum Systems
• Stable non-equilibrium Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in a spin-imbalanced driven-dissipative Fermi gas loaded on a three-dimensional cubic optical lattice
• Complete positivity violation of the reduced dynamics in higher-order quantum adiabatic elimination
• Discrete-phase-space method for driven-dissipative dynamics of strongly interacting bosons in optical lattices
• Time-periodic driving of a bath-coupled open quantum gas of light
• Impurity in a Fermi gas under non-Hermitian spin-orbit coupling
• Optimizing Floquet engineering for non-equilibrium steady states with gradient-based methods
• Fate of symmetry protected coherence in open quantum system
• Weakly interacting Bose gas with two-body losses
• Quantum engineering of a synthetic thermal bath for bosonic atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice via Markovian feedback control
• Saturation of thermal and spin conductances in a dissipative superfluid junction
• Spin-Depairing-Induced Exceptional Fermionic Superfluidity
• A new method for driven-dissipative problems: Keldysh-Heisenberg equations
• Dissipative Superfluidity in a Molecular Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Dynamical properties of the finite-size Dicke model coupled to a thermal reservoir
• Dynamic Hysteresis Across a Dissipative Multi-Mode Phase Transition
• $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetry phase transition in a Bose-Hubbard model with localized gain and loss
• Thermal-bath effects in quantum quenches within quantum critical regimes
• Macroscopic Particle Transport in Dissipative Long-Range Bosonic Systems
• Single-shot determination of quantum phases via continuous measurements
• Non-Equilibrium First-Order Exciton Mott Transition at Monolayer Lateral Heterojunctions Visualized by Ultrafast Microscopy
• A General Strategy for Realizing Mpemba Effects in Open Quantum Systems
• Time-Convolutionless Master Equation Applied to Adiabatic Elimination
• Out-of-equilibrium quantum dynamics of fermionic gases in the presence of localized particle loss
• Interacting bosons in two-dimensional lattices with localized dissipation
• Measurement-based quantum computation using two-component BECs
• Local Non-Hermitian Hamiltonian Formalism for Dissipative Fermionic Systems and Loss-Induced Population Increase in Fermi Superfluids
• Dynamical symmetry in quantum dissipative models
• Building ground states of Hubbard model by time-ordered bound-pair injection
• Quantum Point Contact with Local Two-body Loss
• Space-time first-order correlations of an open Bose-Hubbard model with incoherent pump and loss
• Resolving mean-field solutions of dissipative phase transitions using permutational symmetry
• Semiclassical analysis of spin dynamics in the non-Hermitian Hubbard model
• Field induced conducting state in Mott insulator
• Steady-State Quantum Zeno Effect of Driven-Dissipative Bosons with Dynamical Mean-Field Theory
• Nonequilibrium transport through an interacting monitored quantum dot
• Separation of relaxation timescales via strong system-bath coupling: Dissipative three-level system as a case study
• Eightfold way to dark states in SU(3) cold gases with two-body losses
• Error bounds on the universal Lindblad equation in the thermodynamic limit
• Dissipative Kondo physics in the Anderson Impurity Model with two-body losses
• Measuring entanglement without local addressing in quantum many-body simulators via spiral quantum state tomography
• Path-Integral Formulation of Bosonic Markovian Open Quantum Dynamics with Monte Carlo stochastic trajectories using the Glauber-Sudarshan P, Wigner, and Husimi Q Functions and Hybrids
• Emergence of Rich Dissipative Phases in the Anisotropic Quantum Rabi Model Driven by the $A^2$ Term
• Emulating non-Hermitian dynamics in a finite non-dissipative quantum system
• Adiabatic Quantum Zeno Dynamics of Bosonic Atom Pairs with Large Inelastic Losses
• Transition between vacuum and finite-density states in the infinite-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model with spatially inhomogeneous dissipation
• Multichromatic Floquet engineering of quantum dissipation
• Metastable ferromagnetic clusters in dissipative many-body systems of polar molecules
• Determination of the critical exponents in dissipative phase transitions: Coherent anomaly approach
• Feedback cooling of fermionic atoms in optical lattices