Interaction-induced Liouvillian skin effect in a fermionic chain with a two-body loss

Abstract

Despite recent intensive research on topological aspects of open quantum systems, effects of strong interactions have not been sufficiently explored. In this paper, we demonstrate that complex-valued interactions induce the Liouvillian skin effect by analyzing a one-dimensional correlated model with two-body loss. We show that, in the presence of complex-valued interactions, eigenmodes and eigenvalues of the Liouvillian strongly depend on boundary conditions. Specifically, we find that complex-valued interactions induce localization of eigenmodes of the Liouvillian around the right edge under open boundary conditions. To characterize the Liouvllian skin effect, we define the topological invariant by using the Liouvillian superoperator. Then, we numerically confirm that the topological invariant captures the Liouvillian skin effect. Furthermore, the presence of the localization of eigenmodes results in the unique dynamics observed only under open boundary conditions: particle accumulation at the right edge in transient dynamics. Our result paves the way to realize topological phenomena in open quantum systems induced by strong interactions.

16 pages, 11 figures

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• Universality and two-body losses: lessons from the effective non-Hermitian dynamics of two particles
• Numerical instability of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian evolutions
• Lindbladian versus Postselected Non-Hermitian Topology
• Many-Body Non-Hermitian Skin Effect with Exact Steady States in the Dissipative Quantum Link Model
• Optical pumping through the Liouvillian skin effect
• Emergent Topology in Many-Body Dissipative Quantum Matter
• Spin-Depairing-Induced Exceptional Fermionic Superfluidity
• Entanglement Spectrum Dynamics as a Probe for Non-Hermitian Bulk-Boundary Correspondence in Systems with Periodic Boundaries
• Symmetry-induced fragmentation and dissipative time crystal
• Multifractal statistics of non-Hermitian skin effect on the Cayley tree
• Kinetics of Quantum Reaction-Diffusion systems
• Anatomy of Higher-Order Non-Hermitian Skin and Boundary Modes
• Liouvillian skin effects in two-dimensional electron systems at finite temperatures