Non-Hermitian skin effect and chiral damping in open quantum systems

Abstract

One of the unique features of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians is the non-Hermitian skin effect, namely that the eigenstates are exponentially localized at the boundary of the system. For open quantum systems, a short-time evolution can often be well described by the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, while long-time dynamics calls for the Lindblad master equations, in which the Liouvillian superoperators generate time evolution. In this Letter, we find that Liouvillian superoperators can exhibit the non-Hermitian skin effect, and uncover its unexpected physical consequences. It is shown that the non-Hermitian skin effect dramatically shapes the long-time dynamics, such that the damping in a class of open quantum systems is algebraic under periodic boundary condition but exponential under open boundary condition. Moreover, the non-Hermitian skin effect and non-Bloch bands cause a chiral damping with a sharp wavefront. These phenomena are beyond the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonians; instead, they belong to the non-Hermitian physics of full-fledged open quantum dynamics.

arXiv comment9 pages, 4 figures, including supplemental material

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• Defect-driven incoherent skin localization
• Hinge non-Hermitian skin effect in the single-particle properties of a strongly correlated f-electron system
• Magnetization in a non-equilibrium quantum spin system
• Multifractal statistics of non-Hermitian skin effect on the Cayley tree
• Entanglement phases and phase transitions in monitored free fermion system due to localizations
• Extracting the internal nonlocality from the dilated Hermiticity
• Local Non-Hermitian Hamiltonian Formalism for Dissipative Fermionic Systems and Loss-Induced Population Increase in Fermi Superfluids
• Unified Bulk-Entanglement Correspondence in Non-Hermitian Systems
• Exceptional points in SSH-like models with hopping amplitude gradient
• Robust nonequilibrium edge currents with and without band topology
• Nonequilibrium protection effect and spatial localization of noise-induced fluctuations: Quasi-one-dimensional driven lattice gas with partially penetrable obstacle
• An Explicit Wavefunction of the Interacting Non-Hermitian Spin-1/2 1D System
• Dynamical symmetry in quantum dissipative models
• Dynamic transition of the density-matrix topology under parity-time symmetry
• A universal graph description for one-dimensional exchange models
• Non-Abelian geometry, topology, and dynamics of a nonreciprocal Su-Schrieffer-Heeger ladder
• Symmetry-induced fragmentation and dissipative time crystal
• Experimental observation of energy-band Riemann surface
• Characterizing dynamical behaviors in topological open systems with boundary dissipations
• Symmetry classification correspondence between quadratic Lindbladians and their steady states
• Higher-order Topological Knots and the classification of non-Hermitian lattices under $C_n$ symmetry
• Anatomy of Higher-Order Non-Hermitian Skin and Boundary Modes
• Topology and $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ Symmetry in a Non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Chain with Periodic Hopping Modulation
• Nodal Spectral Functions Stabilized by Non-Hermitian Topology of Quasiparticles
• Robust nonequilibrium surface currents in the 3D Hofstadter model
• Non-Hermitian higher-order topological insulators enabled by altermagnet engineering
• Machine learning topological energy braiding of non-Bloch bands
• Emergent dynamical quantum phase transition in a $Z_3$ symmetric chiral clock model
• Interplay of Disorder and Point-Gap Topology: Chiral Modes, Localization and Non-Hermitian Anderson Skin Effect in One Dimension
• Origin of Robust ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Topological Phases in Stacked Hermitian Systems: Non-Hermitian Level Repulsion
• Tailoring Corner States and Exceptional Points in Altermagnets
• Dynamical transition in non-Hermitian Chern insulator
• Magnetic Control of the Non-Hermitian Skin Effect in Two-Dimensional Lattices
• Boom and bust cycles due to pseudospectra of matrices with unimodular spectra
• Gaussian eigenstate pinning in non-Hermitian quantum mechanics
• Single-photon scattering controlled by an imperfect cavity
• Stronger sum uncertainty relations for non-Hermitian operators
• Floquet topological properties in the Non-Hermitian long-range system with complex hopping amplitudes
• Higher-order Liouvillian exceptional points in the dissipative dynamics of quadratic fermions
• Non-Hermiticity induced thermal entanglement phase transition
• Simulating monitoring-induced topological phase transitions with small systems
• Winding-control mechanism of non-Hermitian systems
• Time Glasses: Symmetry Broken Chaotic Phase with a Finite Gap
• Beyond characteristic equations: A unified one-dimensional non-Bloch band theory via wavefunction data
• Anatomy of Non-Hermitian Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions
• Dynamic manifestation of exception points in a non-Hermitian continuous model with an imaginary periodic potential
• Algebraic States in Continuum in $d>1$ Dimensional Non-Hermitian Systems
• Anomalous Point-Gap Interactions Unveil the Mirage Bath
• Liouvillian skin effects in two-dimensional electron systems at finite temperatures
• Variational Quantum Algorithm for Solving the Liouvillian Gap
• Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions and Many-Body Backflow in Open Quantum Systems
• 1D Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in thermal equilibrium via Non-Hermitian Construction
• Replica Keldysh field theory of quantum-jump processes: General formalism and application to imbalanced and inefficient fermion counting
• Generic non-Hermitian mobility edges in a class of duality-breaking quasicrystals
• Recurrence method in Non-Hermitian Systems
• Switching of the information backflow between a helical spin system and non-Markovian bath
• Self-healing of non-Hermitian topological skin modes
• Floquet multiple exceptional points with higher-order skin effect
• Interacting many-body non-Hermitian systems as Markov chains
• Arbitrary Control of Non-Hermitian Skin Modes via Disorder and An Electric Field
• Non-Hermitian Higher-Order Dirac Semimetals
• Scaling rule in critical non-Hermitian skin effect
• Liouvillian topology and nonreciprocal dynamics in open Floquet chains