Non-Hermitian Avalanche Effect: Non-Perturbative Effect Induced by Local Non-Hermitian Perturbation on a Z2 Topological Order

Abstract

In this paper, based on a non-Hermitian toric-code model, we surprisingly find that the degeneracy of ground states can be changed by a local non-Hermitian perturbation (even in thermodynamic limit). We call it non-Hermitian avalanche effect. As the physics consequences of the non-Hermitian avalanche effect, a correspondence between bulk quasi-particles and topologically protected degenerate ground states for Z2 topological order is borken down. In addition, the PT symmetry breaking transition of the topologically degenerate ground states subspace can be observed by fidelity susceptibility.

arXiv comment8 pages, 8 figures

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• Non-Hermitian Floquet Topological Matter -- A Review
• General properties of fidelity in non-Hermitian quantum systems with PT symmetry
• Biorthogonal quantum criticality in non-Hermitian many-body systems
• Reduction of one-dimensional non-Hermitian point-gap topology by correlations
• Non-Hermitian dynamics and $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetry breaking in interacting mesoscopic Rydberg platforms
• High-order series expansion of non-Hermitian quantum spin models
• Correlation effects on non-Hermitian point-gap topology in zero dimension: reduction of topological classification
• Probing the superfluid-insulator phase transition by a non-Hermitian external field