Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling Effect of Z2 Topological Order

Abstract

In this paper, macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) effect of Z2 topological order in the Wen-Plaquette model is studied. This kind of MQT is characterized by quantum tunneling processes of different virtual quasi-particles moving around a torus. By a high-order degenerate perturbation approach, the effective pseudo-spin models of the degenerate ground states are obtained. From these models, we get the energy splitting of the ground states, of which the results are consistent with those from exact diagonalization method

25 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Non-Hermitian Dynamic Strings and Anomalous Topological Degeneracy on non-Hermitian Toric-code Model with Parity-time Symmetry
• Experimental implementation of adiabatic passage between different topological orders
• Non-Hermitian Avalanche Effect: Non-Perturbative Effect Induced by Local Non-Hermitian Perturbation on a Z2 Topological Order
• Majorana Edge States for Z2 Topological Orders of the Wen-plaquette Model and the Toric-code Model
• Realization of Topological Quantum Computation with surface codes
• Effective non-Hermitian physics for degenerate ground states of a nonHermitian Ising model with $\mathcal{R}\mathcal{T}$ symmetry
• Exact description of the boundary theory of the Kitaev Toric Code with open boundary conditions
• Tunneling Qubit Operation on a Protected Josephson Junction Array