SI-traceable measurement of an optical frequency at low $10^{-16}$ level without a local primary standard

Abstract

SI-traceable measurements of optical frequencies using International Atomic Time (TAI) do not require a local primary frequency reference, but suffer from an uncertainty in tracing to the SI second. For the measurement of the ${}^{87}$Sr lattice clock transition, we have reduced this uncertainty to low $10^{-16}$ level by averaging three sets of ten-day intermittent measurements, in which we operated the lattice clock for $10^4$ s on each day. Moreover, a combined oscillator of two hydrogen masers was employed as a local flywheel oscillator (LFO) in order to mitigate the impact of sporadic excursion of LFO frequency. The resultant absolute frequency with fractional uncertainty of $4.3\times 10^{-16}$ agrees with other measurements based on local state-of-the-art cesium fountains.

arXiv comment14 pages, 5 figures

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• The unit of time: present and future directions
• Absolute frequency measurement of the 171Yb optical lattice clock at KRISS using TAI for over a year
• Demonstration of the nearly continuous operation of an ${}^{171}$Yb optical lattice clock for half a year
• Refined ultralight scalar dark matter searches with compact atom gradiometers
• Absolute frequency measurement of the ${}^2$S${}_{1/2}{\to }^2$F${}_{7/2}$ optical clock transition in ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{+}$ with an uncertainty of $4\times 10^{-16}$ using a frequency link to International Atomic Time
• Absolute frequency of ${}^{87}\mathrm{Sr}$ at $1.8\times 10^{-16}$ uncertainty by reference to remote Primary Frequency Standards
• Frequency measurement of the clock transition of an indium ion sympathetically-cooled in a linear trap
• Absolute frequency measurement of the 87Sr optical lattice clock at NTSC using International Atomic Time
• A High-frequency Geodetic VLBI Experiment for Optical Clock Comparison