A new Generation of Standard Solar Models

Abstract

We compute a new generation of standard solar models (SSMs) that includes recent updates on some important nuclear reaction rates and a more consistent treatment of the equation of state. Models also include a novel and flexible treatment of opacity uncertainties based on opacity kernels, required in the light of recent theoretical and experimental works on radiative opacity. Two large sets of SSMs, each based on a different canonical set of solar abundances with high and low metallicity (Z), are computed to determine model uncertainties and correlations among different observables. We present detailed comparisons of high- and low-Z models against different ensembles of solar observables including solar neutrinos, surface helium abundance, depth of convective envelope and sound speed profile. A global comparison, including all observables, yields a p-value of 2.7$\sigma$ for the high-Z model and 4.7$\sigma$ for the low-Z one. When the sound-speed differences in the narrow region of $0.65<r/R_{sun}<0.70$ are excluded from the analysis, results are 0.9$\sigma$ and 3.0$\sigma$ for high- and low-Z models respectively. These results show that: high-Z models agree well with solar data but have a systematic problem right below the bottom of the convective envelope linked to steepness of molecular weight and temperature gradients, and that low-Z models lead to a much more general disagreement with solar data. We also show that, while simple parametrizations of opacity uncertainties can strongly alleviate the solar abundance problem, they are insufficient to substantially improve the agreement of SSMs with helioseismic data beyond that obtained for high-Z models due to the intrinsic correlations of theoretical predictions. All the detailed information of the new solar models, can be found online: http://www.ice.cat/personal/aldos/Solar_Data.html

20 pages, 8 figures, 8 table. Accepted in ApJ. All the detailed information of the new solar models is available online: http://www.ice.cat/personal/aldos/Solar_Data.html

References in corpus (14)

• Helioseismology and Solar Abundances
• The elemental composition of the Sun II. The iron group elements Sc to Ni
• The elemental composition of the Sun I. The intermediate mass elements Na to Ca
• The elemental composition of the Sun III. The heavy elements Cu to Th
• Fresh insights on the structure of the solar core
• On the opacity change required to compensate for the revised solar composition
• CN-Cycle Solar Neutrinos and Sun's Primordial Core Metalicity
• Bayesian Estimation of Thermonuclear Reaction Rates
• The 14N(p,gamma)15O reaction studied with a composite germanium detector
• Constraints on the opacity profile of the sun from helioseismic observables and solar neutrino flux measurements
• Seismic study of the chemical composition of the solar convection zone
• Dynamic screening correction for solar p-p reaction rates
• Quantum corrections to microscopic diffusion constants
• Astrophysical implications of the proton-proton cross section updates

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