A New Measurement of the Spectral Lag of Gamma-Ray Bursts and its Implications for Spectral Evolution Behaviors

Abstract

We carry out a systematical study of the spectral lag properties of 50 single-pulsed Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) detected by Fermi/GBM. By dividing the light curves into multiple consecutive energy channels we provide a new measurement of the spectral lag which is independent on energy channel selections. We perform a detailed statistical study of our new measurements. We find two similar power-law energy dependencies of both the pulse arrival time and pulse width. Our new results on the power-law indices would favor the relativistic geometric effects for the origin of spectral lag. However, a complete theoretical framework that can fully account for the diverse energy dependencies of both arrival time and pulse width revealed in this work is still missing. We also study the spectral evolution behaviors of the GRB pulses. We find that the GRB pulse with negligible spectral lag would usually have a shorter pulse duration and would appear to have a "hardness-intensity tracking" (HIT) behavior and the GRB pulse with a significant spectral lag would usually have a longer pulse duration and would appear to have a "hard-to-soft" (HTS) behavior.

21 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (71)

• A bright millisecond radio burst of extragalactic origin
• X-ray spectral modelling of the AGN obscuring region in the CDFS: Bayesian model selection and catalogue
• The Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• Intrinsic spectra and energetics of BeppoSAX Gamma-Ray Bursts with known redshifts
• The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Relativistic Jets
• GRB Formation Rates inferred from the Spectral Peak Energy - Luminosity Relation
• Studies in Astronomical Time Series Analysis. VI. Bayesian Block Representations
• Swift detects a remarkable gamma-ray burst, GRB 060614, that introduces a new classification scheme
• Connection Between Energy-dependent Lags And Peak Luminosity In Gamma-ray Bursts
• The Ep,i - Eiso correlation in GRBs: updated observational status, re-analysis and main implications
• Short Gamma-Ray Bursts with Extended Emission
• Discerning the physical origins of cosmological Gamma-ray bursts based on multiple observational criteria: the cases of z=6.7 GRB 080913, z=8.3 GRB 090423, and some short/hard GRBs
• The Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Catalog: Four Years Of Data
• Long-lag, Wide-Pulse Gamma-Ray Bursts
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Data. I. Spectral Components and Their Possible Physical Origins of LAT/GBM GRBs
• The 2nd Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog: The First Four Years
• Gamma-Ray Burst Peak Duration as a Function of Energy
• Fast cooling synchrotron radiation in a decaying magnetic field and $\gamma$-ray burst emission mechanism
• Implications of Lag-Luminosity Relationship for Unified GRB Paradigms
• Short versus Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: spectra, energetics, and luminosities
• A complete sample of bright Swift Long Gamma Ray Bursts: testing the spectral-energy correlations
• Unveiling the origin of X-ray flares in Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Evidence for a Photospheric Component in the Prompt Emission of the Short GRB120323A and its Effects on the GRB Hardness-Luminosity Relation
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Data: II. $E_{\mathrm{p}}$-Evolution Patterns and Implications for the Observed Spectrum-Luminosity Relations
• Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Evolution Through Crosscorrelations of Discriminator Light Curves
• Search for Relativistic Curvature Effects in Gamma-Ray Burst Pulses
• Lag-luminosity relation in gamma-ray burst X-ray flares: a direct link to the prompt emission
• Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts Prompt Emission
• Spectral Lags and the Lag-Luminosity Relation: An Investigation with Swift BAT Gamma-ray Bursts
• Spectral-Luminosity relation within individual Fermi GRBs
• Photospheric emission as the dominant radiation mechanism in long-duration gamma-ray bursts
• Observational evidence of dissipative photospheres in gamma-ray bursts
• Synchrotron Origin of the Typical GRB Band Function - A Case Study of GRB 130606B
• The Fermi GBM gamma-ray burst time-resolved spectral catalog: brightest bursts in the first four years
• Time-resolved Analysis of Fermi GRBs with Fast and Slow-Cooled Synchrotron Photon Models
• Revisiting the Long/Soft-Short/Hard Classification of Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Fermi Era
• Comparing the spectral lag of short and long gamma-ray bursts and its relation with the luminosity
• Correlations Between Lag, Luminosity, and Duration in Gamma-ray Burst Pulses
• The Energy-Dependence of GRB Minimum Variability Timescales
• Spectral lags and the energy dependence of pulse width in gamma-ray bursts: contributions from the relativistic curvature effect
• Towards a Better Understanding of the GRB Phenomenon: a New Model for GRB Prompt Emission and its effects on the New Non-Thermal L${}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{NT}}$-E${}_{\mathrm{peak},\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{rest},\mathrm{NT}}$ relation
• On the Spectral Lags of the Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Unification of Pulses in Long and Short Gamma-Ray Bursts: Evidence from Pulse Properties and their Correlations
• Are there cosmological evolution trends on Gamma-Ray Burst features?
• The First Pulse of the Extremely Bright GRB 130427A: A Test Lab for Synchrotron Shocks
• Towards an understanding of GRB prompt emission mechanism: I. The origin of spectral lags
• Characteristics of profiles of gamma-ray burst pulses associated with the Doppler effect of fireballs
• The Connection Between Spectral Evolution and GRB Lag
• Spectral lags caused by the Doppler effect of fireballs
• On Spectral and Temporal Variability in Blazars and Gamma Ray Bursts
• Unusual Central Engine Activity in the Double Burst GRB 110709B
• GRB 131014A: a Laboratory to Study the Thermal-Like and Non-Thermal Emissions in Gamma-Ray Bursts, and the new L${}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{nTh}}$-E${}_{\mathrm{peak},\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{nTh},\mathrm{rest}}$ relation
• On Spectral Evolution and Temporal Binning in Gamma-Ray Bursts
• GRB 110721A: photosphere "death line" and the physical origin of the GRB "Band" function
• Interpretations of gamma-ray burst spectroscopy. I. Analytical and numerical study of spectral lags
• Hydrodynamic properties of gamma-ray bursts outflows deduced from thermal component
• Gamma-ray burst spectra and spectral correlations from sub-photospheric Comptonization
• Broad band time-resolved E_{p,i}--L_{iso} correlation in GRBs
• Revisiting the characteristics of the spectral lags in short gamma-ray bursts
• The Duration -- Photon Energy Relation of Gamma Ray Bursts and Its Interpretations
• Synchrotron Cooling in Energetic Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• CGRO/BATSE Data Support the New Paradigm for GRB Prompt Emission and the New L${}_i^{nTh}$-E${}_{peak,i}^{nTh,rest}$ relation
• Swift Observations of Gamma-Ray Burst Pulse Shapes: GRB Pulse Spectral Evolution Clarified
• Spectral lag of gamma-ray burst caused by the intrinsic spectral evolution and the curvature effect
• Which $E_{\mathrm{peak}}$? - The Characteristic Energy of Gamma-Ray Burst Spectra
• Time-resolved Spectral Study Of Fermi GRBs Having Single Pulses
• Are GRB Blackbodies an Artifact of Spectral Evolution?
• Anomalies in low-energy Gamma-Ray Burst spectra with the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• Comptonization signatures in the prompt emission of Gamma Ray Bursts
• Spectral Lags Explained as Scattering from Accelerated Scatterers
• Energy-Dependent Gamma-Ray Burst Peak Durations and Blast-Wave Deceleration

Cited by in corpus (21)

• A long-duration gamma-ray burst with a peculiar origin
• GRB 200415A: A Short Gamma-Ray Burst from a Magnetar Giant Flare?
• Lorentz Invariance Violation Limits from the Spectral Lag Transition of GRB~190114C
• GRB 221009A: An ordinary nearby GRB with extraordinary observational properties
• Search for Lorentz Invariance Violation from stacked Gamma-Ray Burst spectral lag data
• Phenomenology of curvature-induced quantum-gravity effects
• Accurate Ground-based Near-Earth-Asteroid Astrometry using Synthetic Tracking
• Discovery of the linear energy-dependence of the spectral lag of X-ray bursts from SGR J1935+2154
• Revisiting Tests of Lorentz Invariance with Gamma-ray Bursts: Effects of Intrinsic Lags
• Astrophysical and Cosmological Searches for Lorentz Invariance Violation
• Properties of Short GRB Pulses in the Fourth BATSE Catalog: Implications for Structure and Evolution of the Jetted Outflows
• Tests of Lorentz Invariance
• Search for Lorentz Invariance Violation using Bayesian model comparison applied to Xiao et al. GRB spectral lag catalog
• Spectral Lag for a Radiating Jet Shell with a High Energy Cut-off Radiation Spectrum
• Space-time: Commutative or noncommutative ?
• Bayesian evidence for spectral lag transition due to Lorentz Invariance Violation for 32 Fermi/GBM Gamma-ray Bursts
• Spectral evolution responsible for the transition from positive lags to negative lags in Gamma-ray Bursts
• VLT/MUSE and ATCA observations of the host galaxy of the short GRB 080905A at z=0.122
• Cosmological Model Independent Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation with Updated Gamma-Ray Burst Observations: An Artificial Neural Network Approach
• New Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation at High Redshifts from Multiband of GRBs
• Outliers in spectral time lag selected gamma-ray bursts